--- title: Deuteronomy 8:2 — And thou shalt remember all the way which the LORD thy God hath led… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And thou shalt remember all the way which the LORD thy God hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, that He might afflict thee, to prove thee, to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep His commandments, or no. Who acts: thou, LORD. Deuteronomy 8:2 in Hebrew with its depende --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.8.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/8/) / 8:2 # Deuteronomy 8:2 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** thou, LORD · **What happens:** remember, lead, afflict, prove, know, be · **To what, where:** way, wilderness, thee, heart, commandments · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 8:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, LORD — and what happens in the verse to way, wilderness, thee, heart, commandments, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְזָכַרְתָּ֣ אֶת־כָּל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֹלִֽיכֲךָ֜ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ זֶ֛ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְמַ֨עַן עַנֹּֽתְךָ֜ לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ֗ לָדַ֜עַת אֶת־אֲשֶׁ֧ר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֛ הֲתִשְׁמֹ֥ר מִצְוֺתָ֖יו אִם־לֹֽא׃ [And thou shalt remember all the way which the LORD thy God hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, that He might afflict thee, to prove thee, to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep His commandments, or no.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.248/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:246 # text = וְזָכַרְתָּ֣ אֶת־כָּל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֹלִֽיכֲךָ֜ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ זֶ֛ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לְמַ֨עַן עַנֹּֽתְךָ֜ לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ֗ לָדַ֜עַת אֶת־אֲשֶׁ֧ר בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֛ הֲתִשְׁמֹ֥ר מִצְוֺתָ֖יו אִם־לֹֽא׃ # verse = DEU.8.2 1-2 וְזָכַרְתָּ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_8:2!1|MId=o050080020011|Strong=2050b 2 זָכַרְתָּ֣ זָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.remember|Ref=DEU_8:2!1|MId=o050080020012|Strong=2142|Frame=A0:050060040021;A1:050080020042;|Type=weqatal 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_8:2!2|MId=o050080020021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_8:2!3|MId=o050080020031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_8:2!4|MId=o050080020041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 דֶּ֗רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=way|Ref=DEU_8:2!4|MId=o050080020042|Strong=1870 7 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_8:2!5|MId=o050080020051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 8-9 הֹלִֽיכֲךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הֹלִֽיכ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_8:2!6|MId=o050080020061|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:050080020062;AA:050080020071;|Type=qatal 9 ֲךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=led.you|Ref=DEU_8:2!6|MId=o050080020062|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10 יְהוָ֧ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 8 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_8:2!7|MId=o050080020071|Strong=3068 11-12 אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֱלֹהֶ֛י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_8:2!8|MId=o050080020081|Strong=0430 12 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_8:2!8|MId=o050080020082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13 זֶ֛ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=DEU_8:2!9|MId=o050080020091|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 14 אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 15 nummod _ Gloss=forty|Ref=DEU_8:2!10|MId=o050080020101|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 15 שָׁנָ֖ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=DEU_8:2!11|MId=o050080020111|Strong=8141 16-18 בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_8:2!12|MId=o050080020121|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_8:2!12|MId=o050080020121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 מִּדְבָּ֑ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=DEU_8:2!12|MId=o050080020122|Strong=4057 19 לְמַ֨עַן לְמַעַן SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=so.as|Ref=DEU_8:2!13|MId=o050080020131|Strong=4616 20-21 עַנֹּֽתְךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עַנֹּֽת עָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 8 advcl _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_8:2!14|MId=o050080020141|Strong=6031|Frame=A0:050080020071;A1:050080020142;|Type=infinitive_construct 21 ְךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=humble.you|Ref=DEU_8:2!14|MId=o050080020142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22-24 לְנַסֹּֽתְךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_8:2!15|MId=o050080020151|Strong=3807a 23 נַסֹּֽת נָסָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 20 advcl _ Gloss=put|Ref=DEU_8:2!15|MId=o050080020152|Strong=5254|Frame=A0:050080020071;A1:050080020153;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 ְךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=you.to.the.test|Ref=DEU_8:2!15|MId=o050080020153|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25-26 לָדַ֜עַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_8:2!16|MId=o050080020161|Strong=3807a 26 דַ֜עַת יָדַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 20 advcl _ Gloss=know|Ref=DEU_8:2!16|MId=o050080020162|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:050080020071;A1:050080020192;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_8:2!17|MId=o050080020171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 28 אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=DEU_8:2!18|MId=o050080020181|Strong=0834|Type=relative 29-31 בִּֽלְבָבְךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=DEU_8:2!19|MId=o050080020191|Strong=0871a 30 לְבָב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=DEU_8:2!19|MId=o050080020192|Strong=3824 31 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_8:2!19|MId=o050080020193|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32-33 הֲתִשְׁמֹ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=will|Ref=DEU_8:2!20|MId=o050080020201|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 33 תִשְׁמֹ֥ר שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 30 acl _ Gloss=you.keep?|Ref=DEU_8:2!20|MId=o050080020202|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:050060040021;A1:050080020221;|Type=yiqtol 34-35 מִצְוֺתָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 מִצְוֺתָ֖י מִצְוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 33 obj _ Gloss=commandments|Ref=DEU_8:2!22|MId=o050080020221|Strong=4687 35 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_8:2!22|MId=o050080020222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 36 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 37 mark _ Gloss=or?|Ref=DEU_8:2!23|MId=o050080020231|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 37 לֹֽא לֹא ADV _ _ 30 acl _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_8:2!24|MId=o050080020241|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=DEU_8:2!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | זָכַרְתָּ *you will remember* | weqatal · qal | | דֶּרֶךְ *way* | | | | הֹלִֽיכ *he* | qatal · hiphil | ֲךָ *led you* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | עַנֹּֽת *to* | infinitive construct · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ְךָ *humble you* | | | | נַסֹּֽת *put* | infinitive construct · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ְךָ *you to the test* | | | | דַעַת *know* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | לְבָב *heart* | | | | תִשְׁמֹר *you keep?* | yiqtol · qal | | מִצְוֺתָי *commandments* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְתִדְכַּר יָת כָּל אָרְחָא דִי דַבְּרָךְ יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ דְנַן אַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין בְּמַדְבְּרָא בְּדִיל לְעַנָיוּתָךְ לְנַסָיוּתָךְ לְמִדַע יָת דִי בְלִבָּךְ הֲתִטַר פִּקוּדוֹהִי אִם לָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And thou shalt remember all the way which the LORD thy God hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, that He might afflict thee, to prove thee, to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep His commandments, or no.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.248/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:246`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 8:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.8.1/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 8:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.8.3/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/8/)