--- title: Deuteronomy 9:28 — lest the land whence Thou broughtest us out say: Because the LORD wa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: lest the land whence Thou broughtest us out say: Because the LORD was not able to bring them into the land which He promised unto them, and because He hated them, He hath brought them out to slay them in the wilderness. Who acts: Thou, land, LORD. Deuteronomy 9:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.9.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/9/) / 9:28 # Deuteronomy 9:28 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** Thou, land, LORD · **What happens:** bring out, say, not be, bring, promise, hate · **To what, where:** us, servants, land, wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 9:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, land, LORD — and what happens in the verse to us, servants, land, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. פֶּן־יֹאמְר֗וּ הָאָרֶץ֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הוֹצֵאתָ֣נוּ מִשָּׁם֒ מִבְּלִי֙ יְכֹ֣לֶת יְהוָ֔ה לַהֲבִיאָ֕ם אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם וּמִשִּׂנְאָת֣וֹ אוֹתָ֔ם הוֹצִיאָ֖ם לַהֲמִתָ֥ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ [lest the land whence Thou broughtest us out say: Because the LORD was not able to bring them into the land which He promised unto them, and because He hated them, He hath brought them out to slay them in the wilderness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.295/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:292 # text = פֶּן־יֹאמְר֗וּ הָאָרֶץ֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הוֹצֵאתָ֣נוּ מִשָּׁם֒ מִבְּלִי֙ יְכֹ֣לֶת יְהוָ֔ה לַהֲבִיאָ֕ם אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם וּמִשִּׂנְאָת֣וֹ אוֹתָ֔ם הוֹצִיאָ֖ם לַהֲמִתָ֥ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ # verse = DEU.9.28 1 פֶּן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=DEU_9:28!1|MId=o050090280011|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 2 יֹאמְר֗וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.should.say|Ref=DEU_9:28!2|MId=o050090280021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:050090280032;|Type=yiqtol 3-4 הָאָרֶץ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_9:28!3|MId=o050090280031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אָרֶץ֮ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=land|Ref=DEU_9:28!3|MId=o050090280032|Strong=0776 5 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=where|Ref=DEU_9:28!4|MId=o050090280041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 6-7 הוֹצֵאתָ֣נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הוֹצֵאתָ֣ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_9:28!5|MId=o050090280051|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:050090260051;A0:050090280052;|Type=qatal 7 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ Gloss=brought.us.out|Ref=DEU_9:28!5|MId=o050090280052|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 8-9 מִשָּׁם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_9:28!6|MId=o050090280061|Strong=4480 9 שָּׁם֒ שָׁם ADV _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=there|Ref=DEU_9:28!6|MId=o050090280062|Strong=8033 10-11 מִבְּלִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=DEU_9:28!7|MId=o050090280071|Strong=4480 11 בְּלִי֙ בְּלִי ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_9:28!7|MId=o050090280072|Strong=1097 12 יְכֹ֣לֶת יָכֹל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 30 advcl _ Gloss=was.able|Ref=DEU_9:28!8|MId=o050090280081|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:050090280091;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_9:28!9|MId=o050090280091|Strong=3068 14-16 לַהֲבִיאָ֕ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_9:28!10|MId=o050090280101|Strong=3807a 15 הֲבִיא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 12 xcomp _ Gloss=bring|Ref=DEU_9:28!10|MId=o050090280102|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:050090280091;A0:050090280103;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 ָ֕ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_9:28!10|MId=o050090280103|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=DEU_9:28!11|MId=o050090280111|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הָאָ֖רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_9:28!12|MId=o050090280121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אָ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=DEU_9:28!12|MId=o050090280122|Strong=0776 20 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_9:28!13|MId=o050090280131|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 21 דִּבֶּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=DEU_9:28!14|MId=o050090280141|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:050090280091;A1:050090280122;|Type=qatal 22-23 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_9:28!15|MId=o050090280151|Strong=3807a 23 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_9:28!15|MId=o050090280152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24-27 וּמִשִּׂנְאָת֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_9:28!16|MId=o050090280161|Strong=2050b 25 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_9:28!16|MId=o050090280162|Strong=4480 26 שִּׂנְאָת שִׂנְאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=hatred|Ref=DEU_9:28!16|MId=o050090280163|Strong=8135 27 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_9:28!16|MId=o050090280164|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28-29 אוֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_9:28!17|MId=o050090280171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 29 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_9:28!17|MId=o050090280172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30-31 הוֹצִיאָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הוֹצִיא יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_9:28!18|MId=o050090280181|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:050090280091;A0:050090280182;|Type=qatal 31 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=led.them.out|Ref=DEU_9:28!18|MId=o050090280182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32-34 לַהֲמִתָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_9:28!19|MId=o050090280191|Strong=3807a 33 הֲמִת מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 30 advcl _ Gloss=put|Ref=DEU_9:28!19|MId=o050090280192|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:050090280091;A0:050090280193;|Type=infinitive_construct 34 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=them.to.death|Ref=DEU_9:28!19|MId=o050090280193|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 35-37 בַּמִּדְבָּֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_9:28!20|MId=o050090280201|Strong=0871a 36 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_9:28!20|MId=o050090280201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 מִּדְבָּֽר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=DEU_9:28!20|MId=o050090280202|Strong=4057 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=DEU_9:28!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹאמְרוּ *they should say* | yiqtol · qal | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | | הוֹצֵאתָ *you* | qatal · hiphil | נוּ *brought us out* | | | | | יְכֹלֶת *was able* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | הֲבִיא *bring* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | דִּבֶּר *he spoke* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | הוֹצִיא *he* | qatal · hiphil | ָם *led them out* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | הֲמִת *put* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *them to death* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} דִילְמָא יֵימְרוּן דָיְרֵי אַרְעָא דִי אַפֶּקְתָּנָא מִתַּמָן מִדְלֵית יוּכְלָא דַיְיָ לְאָעָלוּתְהוֹן לְאַרְעָא דִי מַלִיל לְהוֹן וּמִדְסָנֵי יָתְהוֹן אַפֵּקִנוּן לְקַטָלוּתְהוֹן בְּמַדְבְּרָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [lest the land whence Thou broughtest us out say: Because the LORD was not able to bring them into the land which He promised unto them, and because He hated them, He hath brought them out to slay them in the wilderness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.295/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:292`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 9:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.9.27/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 9:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.9.29/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/9/)