--- title: Exodus 1:10 — come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there befalleth us any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.' Who acts: you, us, children, land. Exodus 1:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.1.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/1/) / 1:10 # Exodus 1:10 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** you, us, children, land · **What happens:** come, let, deal, multiply, pass, befall · **To what, where:** us, war, children, land This is Exodus 1:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, us, children, land — and what happens in the verse to us, war, children, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הָ֥בָה נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה ל֑וֹ פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙ וְנוֹסַ֤ף גַּם־הוּא֙ עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ וְעָלָ֥ה מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there befalleth us any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.9/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:9 # text = הָ֥בָה נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה ל֑וֹ פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙ וְנוֹסַ֤ף גַּם־הוּא֙ עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ וְעָלָ֥ה מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = EXO.1.10 1-2 הָ֥בָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הָ֥ב יָהַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=give|Ref=EXO_1:10!1|MId=o020010100011|Strong=3051|Frame=A0:020010090031;|Type=imperative 2 ָה ה X _ _ 1 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_1:10!1|MId=o020010100012|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 3 נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה חָכַם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=1 1 parataxis _ Gloss=let.us.deal.wisely|Ref=EXO_1:10!2|MId=o020010100021|Strong=2449|Frame=A0:020010090031;020010080021;|Type=cohortative 4-5 ל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 ל לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_1:10!3|MId=o020010100031|Strong=3807a 5 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_1:10!3|MId=o020010100032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6 פֶּן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=EXO_1:10!4|MId=o020010100041|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 7 יִרְבֶּ֗ה רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=it.should.increase|Ref=EXO_1:10!5|MId=o020010100051|Strong=7235|Frame=A0:020010090051;|Type=yiqtol 8-9 וְהָיָ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_1:10!6|MId=o020010100061|Strong=2050b 9 הָיָ֞ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=EXO_1:10!6|MId=o020010100062|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 10 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_1:10!7|MId=o020010100071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 11 תִקְרֶ֤אנָה קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=they.will.happen|Ref=EXO_1:10!8|MId=o020010100081|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:020010100091;|Type=yiqtol 12 מִלְחָמָה֙ מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=war|Ref=EXO_1:10!9|MId=o020010100091|Strong=4421 13-14 וְנוֹסַ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_1:10!10|MId=o020010100101|Strong=2050b 14 נוֹסַ֤ף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.added|Ref=EXO_1:10!10|MId=o020010100102|Strong=3254|Frame=A1:020010100121;|Type=weqatal 15 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=EXO_1:10!11|MId=o020010100111|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 16 הוּא֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_1:10!12|MId=o020010100121|Strong=1931|Type=personal 17 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_1:10!13|MId=o020010100131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔י שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 14 xcomp _ Gloss=[those|Ref=EXO_1:10!14|MId=o020010100141|Strong=8130|Frame=A1:020010100142;|Type=participle_active 19 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=who].hate.us|Ref=EXO_1:10!14|MId=o020010100142|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְנִלְחַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_1:10!15|MId=o020010100151|Strong=2050b 21 נִלְחַם־ לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=it.will.fight|Ref=EXO_1:10!15|MId=o020010100152|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:020010090051;|Type=weqatal 22-23 בָּ֖נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=EXO_1:10!16|MId=o020010100161|Strong=0871a 23 ָ֖נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=EXO_1:10!16|MId=o020010100162|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְעָלָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_1:10!17|MId=o020010100171|Strong=2050b 25 עָלָ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=it.will.go.up|Ref=EXO_1:10!17|MId=o020010100172|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:020010090051;|Type=weqatal 26 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_1:10!18|MId=o020010100181|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_1:10!19|MId=o020010100191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=EXO_1:10!19|MId=o020010100192|Strong=0776 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=EXO_1:10!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָב *give* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נִֽתְחַכְּמָה *let us deal wisely* | cohortative · hithpael | | | | | | יִרְבֶּה *it should increase* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | תִקְרֶאנָה *they will happen* | yiqtol · qal | מִלְחָמָה *war* | | | | | נוֹסַף *it will be added* | weqatal · niphal | | הוּא *it* | | | | שֹׂנְאֵי *\[those* | participle active · qal | | נוּ *who\] hate us* | | | | נִלְחַם־ *it will fight* | weqatal · niphal | | | | | | עָלָה *it will go up* | weqatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} הָבוּ נִתְחַכַּם לְהוֹן דִלְמָא יִסְגוּן וִיהֵי אֲרֵי יְעַרְעִנָנָא קְרָב וְיִתּוֹסְפוּן אַף אִנוּן עַל סַנְאָנָא וִיגִיחוּן בָּנָא קְרָב וְיִסְקוּן מִן אַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it come to pass, that, when there befalleth us any war, they also join themselves unto our enemies, and fight against us, and get them up out of the land.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.9/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:9`. - ← previous: [Exodus 1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.1.9/) - next →: [Exodus 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.1.11/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/1/)