--- title: Exodus 10:3 — And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him: 'Thus s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of the Hebrews: How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before Me? let My people go, that they may serve Me. Who acts: Moses, LORD, thou, people. Exodus 10:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onke --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/10/) / 10:3 # Exodus 10:3 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** Moses, LORD, thou, people · **What happens:** go in, say, refuse, not humble, let, go · **To what, where:** thyself, people, Me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 10:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, LORD, thou, people — and what happens in the verse to thyself, people, Me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֨א מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹן֮ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽעִבְרִ֔ים עַד־מָתַ֣י מֵאַ֔נְתָּ לֵעָנֹ֖ת מִפָּנָ֑י שַׁלַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ [And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of the Hebrews: How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before Me? let My people go, that they may serve Me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.273/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:247 # text = וַיָּבֹ֨א מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹן֮ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽעִבְרִ֔ים עַד־מָתַ֣י מֵאַ֔נְתָּ לֵעָנֹ֖ת מִפָּנָ֑י שַׁלַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ # verse = EXO.10.3 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_10:3!1|MId=o020100030011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֨א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=EXO_10:3!1|MId=o020100030012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020100030021;020100030032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מֹשֶׁ֣ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=EXO_10:3!2|MId=o020100030021|Strong=4872 4-5 וְאַהֲרֹן֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_10:3!3|MId=o020100030031|Strong=2050b 5 אַהֲרֹן֮ אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=EXO_10:3!3|MId=o020100030032|Strong=0175 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_10:3!4|MId=o020100030041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 7 פַּרְעֹה֒ פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_10:3!5|MId=o020100030051|Strong=6547 8-9 וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_10:3!6|MId=o020100030061|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּאמְר֣וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=EXO_10:3!6|MId=o020100030062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020100030021;020100030032;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 אֵלָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֵלָ֗י אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_10:3!7|MId=o020100030071|Strong=0413 11 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EXO_10:3!7|MId=o020100030072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EXO_10:3!8|MId=o020100030081|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 13 אָמַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EXO_10:3!9|MId=o020100030091|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020100030101;|Type=qatal 14 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 13 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_10:3!10|MId=o020100030101|Strong=3068 15 אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=EXO_10:3!11|MId=o020100030111|Strong=0430 16-17 הָֽעִבְרִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_10:3!12|MId=o020100030121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 עִבְרִ֔ים עִבְרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Hebrews|Ref=EXO_10:3!12|MId=o020100030122|Strong=5680|Type=gentilic 18 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=until|Ref=EXO_10:3!13|MId=o020100030131|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 19 מָתַ֣י מָתַי PART _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=when?|Ref=EXO_10:3!14|MId=o020100030141|Strong=4970|Type=interrogative 20 מֵאַ֔נְתָּ מָאֵן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 ccomp _ Gloss=have.you.refused|Ref=EXO_10:3!15|MId=o020100030151|Strong=3985|Frame=A0:020100030051;|Type=qatal 21-22 לֵעָנֹ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לֵ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_10:3!16|MId=o020100030161|Strong=3807a 22 עָנֹ֖ת עָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 20 xcomp _ Gloss=humble.yourself|Ref=EXO_10:3!16|MId=o020100030162|Strong=6031|Frame=A0:020100030051;|Type=infinitive_construct 23-25 מִפָּנָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_10:3!17|MId=o020100030171|Strong=4480 24 פָּנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 22 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=EXO_10:3!17|MId=o020100030172|Strong=6440 25 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=EXO_10:3!17|MId=o020100030173|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 26 שַׁלַּ֥ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 20 parataxis _ Gloss=let.go|Ref=EXO_10:3!18|MId=o020100030181|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:020100030051;A1:020100030191;|Type=imperative 27-28 עַמִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_10:3!19|MId=o020100030191|Strong=5971 28 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EXO_10:3!19|MId=o020100030192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29-31 וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=EXO_10:3!20|MId=o020100030201|Strong=2050b 30 יַֽעַבְדֻֽ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 26 conj _ Gloss=that|Ref=EXO_10:3!20|MId=o020100030202|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:020100030191;A1:020100030203;|Type=yiqtol 31 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ Gloss=they.may.serve.me|Ref=EXO_10:3!20|MId=o020100030203|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EXO_10:3!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹא *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | מֵאַנְתָּ *have you refused* | qatal · piel | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | | | | | עָנֹת *humble yourself* | infinitive construct · niphal | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | | | | | שַׁלַּח *let go* | imperative · piel | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | עַמּ *people* | | | | יַֽעַבְדֻֽ *that* | yiqtol · qal | עַמּ *people* | נִי *they may serve me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲתָא משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן לְוָת פַּרְעֹה וַאֲמָרוּ לֵהּ כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלָהָא דִיהוּדָאֵי עַד אִמָתַי מְסָרֵב אַתְּ לְאִתְכְּנָעָא מִן קֳדָמָי שַׁלַח עַמִי וְיִפְלְחוּן קֳדָמָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of the Hebrews: How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before Me? let My people go, that they may serve Me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.273/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:247`. - ← previous: [Exodus 10:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.2/) - next →: [Exodus 10:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.4/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/10/)