--- title: Exodus 12:12 — For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smit… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD. Who acts: I. Exodus 12:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/) / 12:12 # Exodus 12:12 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** I · **What happens:** go, smite, execute, be · **To what, where:** land, first born, judgments, LORD This is Exodus 12:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to land, first born, judgments, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַזֶּה֒ וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י כָל־בְּכוֹר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה שְׁפָטִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ [For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.322/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:295 # text = וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַזֶּה֒ וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י כָל־בְּכוֹר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה שְׁפָטִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = EXO.12.12 1-2 וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:12!1|MId=o020120120011|Strong=2050b 2 עָבַרְתִּ֣י עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.pass|Ref=EXO_12:12!1|MId=o020120120012|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:020120110152;|Type=weqatal 3-4 בְאֶֽרֶץ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_12:12!2|MId=o020120120021|Strong=0871a 4 אֶֽרֶץ־ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=EXO_12:12!2|MId=o020120120022|Strong=0776 5 מִצְרַיִם֮ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_12:12!3|MId=o020120120031|Strong=4714 6-8 בַּלַּ֣יְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_12:12!4|MId=o020120120041|Strong=0871a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_12:12!4|MId=o020120120041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 לַּ֣יְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=night|Ref=EXO_12:12!4|MId=o020120120042|Strong=3915 9-10 הַזֶּה֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_12:12!5|MId=o020120120051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 זֶּה֒ זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_12:12!5|MId=o020120120052|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 11-12 וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:12!6|MId=o020120120061|Strong=2050b 12 הִכֵּיתִ֤י נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.strike.down|Ref=EXO_12:12!6|MId=o020120120062|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:020120110152;A0:020120120081;|Type=weqatal 13 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_12:12!7|MId=o020120120071|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14 בְּכוֹר֙ בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=EXO_12:12!8|MId=o020120120081|Strong=1060 15-16 בְּאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_12:12!9|MId=o020120120091|Strong=0871a 16 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=EXO_12:12!9|MId=o020120120092|Strong=0776 17 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_12:12!10|MId=o020120120101|Strong=4714 18-19 מֵאָדָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_12:12!11|MId=o020120120111|Strong=4480 19 אָדָ֖ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=EXO_12:12!11|MId=o020120120112|Strong=0120 20-21 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:12!12|MId=o020120120121|Strong=2050b 21 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=EXO_12:12!12|MId=o020120120122|Strong=5704 22 בְּהֵמָ֑ה בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=EXO_12:12!13|MId=o020120120131|Strong=0929 23-25 וּבְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:12!14|MId=o020120120141|Strong=2050b 24 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_12:12!14|MId=o020120120142|Strong=0871a 25 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_12:12!14|MId=o020120120143|Strong=3605 26 אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.gods|Ref=EXO_12:12!15|MId=o020120120151|Strong=0430 27 מִצְרַ֛יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_12:12!16|MId=o020120120161|Strong=4714 28 אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.do|Ref=EXO_12:12!17|MId=o020120120171|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:020120110152;A1:020120120181;|Type=yiqtol 29 שְׁפָטִ֖ים שֶׁפֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 obj _ Gloss=acts.of.judgment|Ref=EXO_12:12!18|MId=o020120120181|Strong=8201 30 אֲנִ֥י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EXO_12:12!19|MId=o020120120191|Strong=0589|Type=personal 31 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[am].Yahweh|Ref=EXO_12:12!20|MId=o020120120201|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EXO_12:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָבַרְתִּי *I will pass* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | הִכֵּיתִי *I will strike down* | weqatal · hiphil | בְּכוֹר *firstborn* | | | | | אֶֽעֱשֶׂה *I will do* | yiqtol · qal | | שְׁפָטִים *acts of judgment* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאִתְגְלֵיתִי בְאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם בְּלֵילְיָא הָדֵין וְאֶקְטוֹל כָּל בּוּכְרָא בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם מֵאֲנָשָׁא וְעַד בְּעִירָא וּבְכָל טַעֲוַת מִצְרַיִם אַעְבֵּד דִינִין אֲנָא יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.322/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:295`. - ← previous: [Exodus 12:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.11/) - next →: [Exodus 12:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.13/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/)