--- title: Exodus 12:16 — And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and i… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you. Who acts: holy convocation, man, you. Exodus 12:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/) / 12:16 # Exodus 12:16 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** holy convocation, man, you · **What happens:** be, do, eat · **To what, where:** you, manner This is Exodus 12:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — holy convocation, man, you — and what happens in the verse to you, manner, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבַיּ֤וֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ מִקְרָא־קֹ֔דֶשׁ וּבַיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מִקְרָא־קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־מְלָאכָה֙ לֹא־יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה בָהֶ֔ם אַ֚ךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֣ל לְכָל־נֶ֔פֶשׁ ה֥וּא לְבַדּ֖וֹ יֵעָשֶׂ֥ה לָכֶֽם׃ [And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.326/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:299 # text = וּבַיּ֤וֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ מִקְרָא־קֹ֔דֶשׁ וּבַיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מִקְרָא־קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־מְלָאכָה֙ לֹא־יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה בָהֶ֔ם אַ֚ךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֣ל לְכָל־נֶ֔פֶשׁ ה֥וּא לְבַדּ֖וֹ יֵעָשֶׂ֥ה לָכֶֽם׃ # verse = EXO.12.16 1-4 וּבַיּ֤וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:16!1|MId=o020120160011|Strong=2050b 2 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=EXO_12:16!1|MId=o020120160012|Strong=0871a 3 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=be]|Ref=EXO_12:16!1|MId=o020120160012ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 יּ֤וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=on.the.day|Ref=EXO_12:16!1|MId=o020120160013|Strong=3117 5-6 הָרִאשׁוֹן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_12:16!2|MId=o020120160021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 רִאשׁוֹן֙ רִאשׁוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 amod _ Gloss=first|Ref=EXO_12:16!2|MId=o020120160022|Strong=7223|Type=ordinal_number 7 מִקְרָא־ מִקְרָא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=a.convocation|Ref=EXO_12:16!3|MId=o020120160031|Strong=4744|SpaceAfter=No 8 קֹ֔דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.holiness|Ref=EXO_12:16!4|MId=o020120160041|Strong=6944 9-12 וּבַיּוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:16!5|MId=o020120160051|Strong=2050b 10 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_12:16!5|MId=o020120160052|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_12:16!5|MId=o020120160052ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 יּוֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=EXO_12:16!5|MId=o020120160053|Strong=3117 13-14 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_12:16!6|MId=o020120160061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 שְּׁבִיעִ֔י שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=EXO_12:16!6|MId=o020120160062|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 15 מִקְרָא־ מִקְרָא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=a.convocation|Ref=EXO_12:16!7|MId=o020120160071|Strong=4744|SpaceAfter=No 16 קֹ֖דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.holiness|Ref=EXO_12:16!8|MId=o020120160081|Strong=6944 17 יִהְיֶ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=EXO_12:16!9|MId=o020120160091|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:020120160071;|Type=yiqtol 18-19 לָכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 ל לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_12:16!10|MId=o020120160101|Strong=3807a 19 ָכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_12:16!10|MId=o020120160102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 20 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=any|Ref=EXO_12:16!11|MId=o020120160111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 21 מְלָאכָה֙ מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=work|Ref=EXO_12:16!12|MId=o020120160121|Strong=4399 22 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_12:16!13|MId=o020120160131|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.done|Ref=EXO_12:16!14|MId=o020120160141|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:020120160121;|Type=yiqtol 24-25 בָהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_12:16!15|MId=o020120160151|Strong=0871a 25 ָהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_12:16!15|MId=o020120160152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26 אַ֚ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=EXO_12:16!16|MId=o020120160161|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 27 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=EXO_12:16!17|MId=o020120160171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 28 יֵאָכֵ֣ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 36 dislocated _ Gloss=it.will.be.eaten|Ref=EXO_12:16!18|MId=o020120160181|Strong=0398|Type=yiqtol 29-30 לְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EXO_12:16!19|MId=o020120160191|Strong=3807a 30 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_12:16!19|MId=o020120160192|Strong=3605 31 נֶ֔פֶשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=person|Ref=EXO_12:16!20|MId=o020120160201|Strong=5315 32 ה֥וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_12:16!21|MId=o020120160211|Strong=1931|Type=personal 33-35 לְבַדּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_12:16!22|MId=o020120160221|Strong=3807a 34 בַדּ בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_12:16!22|MId=o020120160222|Strong=0905 35 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=alone|Ref=EXO_12:16!22|MId=o020120160223|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 36 יֵעָשֶׂ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.done|Ref=EXO_12:16!23|MId=o020120160231|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:020120160211;|Type=yiqtol 37-38 לָכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 ל לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EXO_12:16!24|MId=o020120160241|Strong=3807a 38 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_12:16!24|MId=o020120160242|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=EXO_12:16!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִהְיֶה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | מִקְרָא־ *a convocation* | | | | | **not** יֵעָשֶׂה *it will be done* | yiqtol · niphal | | מְלָאכָה *work* | | | | יֵעָשֶׂה *it will be done* | yiqtol · niphal | | הוּא *it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּבְיוֹמָא קַדְמָאָה מְעָרַע קַדִישׁ וּבְיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה מְעָרַע קַדִישׁ יְהֵי לְכוֹן כָּל עִיבִידָא לָא יִתְעֲבֵד בְּהוֹן בְּרַם דִי מִתְאֲכֵל לְכָל נְפַשׁ הוּא בִלְחוֹדוֹהִי יִתְעֲבֵד לְכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.326/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:299`. - ← previous: [Exodus 12:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.15/) - next →: [Exodus 12:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.17/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/)