--- title: Exodus 12:29 — And it came to pass at midnight, that the LORD smote all the firstbo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass at midnight, that the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle. Who acts: LORD, Pharaoh, captive. Exodus 12:29 in Hebrew wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.29/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/) / 12:29 # Exodus 12:29 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** LORD, Pharaoh, captive · **What happens:** come, pass, smite, sit, be · **To what, where:** thing, firstborn, land, throne, dungeon This is Exodus 12:29 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Pharaoh, captive — and what happens in the verse to thing, firstborn, land, throne, dungeon, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֗יְלָה וַֽיהוָה֮ הִכָּ֣ה כָל־בְּכוֹר֮ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ מִבְּכֹ֤ר פַּרְעֹה֙ הַיֹּשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ עַ֚ד בְּכ֣וֹר הַשְּׁבִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּבֵ֣ית הַבּ֑וֹר וְכֹ֖ל בְּכ֥וֹר בְּהֵמָֽה׃ [And it came to pass at midnight, that the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.339/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:312 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֗יְלָה וַֽיהוָה֮ הִכָּ֣ה כָל־בְּכוֹר֮ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַיִם֒ מִבְּכֹ֤ר פַּרְעֹה֙ הַיֹּשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ עַ֚ד בְּכ֣וֹר הַשְּׁבִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּבֵ֣ית הַבּ֑וֹר וְכֹ֖ל בְּכ֥וֹר בְּהֵמָֽה׃ # verse = EXO.12.29 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:29!1|MId=o020120290011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_12:29!1|MId=o020120290012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=EXO_12:29!1 4-5 בַּחֲצִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_12:29!2|MId=o020120290021|Strong=0871a 5 חֲצִ֣י חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=EXO_12:29!2|MId=o020120290022|Strong=2677 6-7 הַלַּ֗יְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_12:29!3|MId=o020120290031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 לַּ֗יְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.night|Ref=EXO_12:29!3|MId=o020120290032|Strong=3915 8-9 וַֽיהוָה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:29!4|MId=o020120290041|Strong=2050b 9 יהוָה֮ יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_12:29!4|MId=o020120290042|Strong=3068 10 הִכָּ֣ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=EXO_12:29!5|MId=o020120290051|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:020120290042;A0:020120290071;|Type=qatal 11 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_12:29!6|MId=o020120290061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 12 בְּכוֹר֮ בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=EXO_12:29!7|MId=o020120290071|Strong=1060 13-14 בְּאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_12:29!8|MId=o020120290081|Strong=0871a 14 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=EXO_12:29!8|MId=o020120290082|Strong=0776 15 מִצְרַיִם֒ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_12:29!9|MId=o020120290091|Strong=4714 16-17 מִבְּכֹ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_12:29!10|MId=o020120290101|Strong=4480 17 בְּכֹ֤ר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.firstborn|Ref=EXO_12:29!10|MId=o020120290102|Strong=1060 18 פַּרְעֹה֙ פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_12:29!11|MId=o020120290111|Strong=6547 19-20 הַיֹּשֵׁ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=EXO_12:29!12|MId=o020120290121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 יֹּשֵׁ֣ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=sat|Ref=EXO_12:29!12|MId=o020120290122|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:020120290111;|Type=participle_active 21 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_12:29!13|MId=o020120290131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 כִּסְא֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 כִּסְא כִּסֵּא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=throne|Ref=EXO_12:29!14|MId=o020120290141|Strong=3678 23 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_12:29!14|MId=o020120290142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 עַ֚ד עַד ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=unto|Ref=EXO_12:29!15|MId=o020120290151|Strong=5704 25 בְּכ֣וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=the.firstborn|Ref=EXO_12:29!16|MId=o020120290161|Strong=1060 26-27 הַשְּׁבִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_12:29!17|MId=o020120290171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 שְּׁבִ֔י שְׁבִי NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.prisoner|Ref=EXO_12:29!17|MId=o020120290172|Strong=7628 28 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EXO_12:29!18|MId=o020120290181|Strong=0834|Type=relative 29-30 בְּבֵ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=EXO_12:29!19|MId=o020120290191|Strong=0871a 30 בֵ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=EXO_12:29!19|MId=o020120290192|Strong=1004 31-32 הַבּ֑וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_12:29!20|MId=o020120290201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 בּ֑וֹר בּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.cistern|Ref=EXO_12:29!20|MId=o020120290202|Strong=0953 33-34 וְכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:29!21|MId=o020120290211|Strong=2050b 34 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_12:29!21|MId=o020120290212|Strong=3605 35 בְּכ֥וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=EXO_12:29!22|MId=o020120290221|Strong=1060 36 בְּהֵמָֽה בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.livestock|Ref=EXO_12:29!23|MId=o020120290231|Strong=0929|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=EXO_12:29!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִכָּה *he struck down* | qatal · hiphil | בְּכוֹר *firstborn* | | | יהוָה *Yahweh* | | יֹּשֵׁב *sat* | participle active · qal | פַּרְעֹה *of Pharaoh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּפַלְגוּת לֵילְיָא וַיְיָ קְטַל כָּל בּוּכְרָא בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם מִבּוּכְרָא דְפַרְעֹה דְעָתִיד לְמִתַּב עַל כָּרְסֵי מַלְכוּתֵהּ עַד בּוּכְרָא דְשִׁבְיָא דִי בְּבֵית אֲסִירֵי וְכֹל בּוּכְרָא דִבְעִירָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass at midnight, that the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.339/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:312`. - ← previous: [Exodus 12:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.28/) - next →: [Exodus 12:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.30/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/)