--- title: Exodus 12:38 — And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle. Who acts: mixed multitude. Exodus 12:38 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.38/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/) / 12:38 # Exodus 12:38 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** mixed multitude · **What happens:** mix, go up This is Exodus 12:38 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mixed multitude — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְגַם־עֵ֥רֶב רַ֖ב עָלָ֣ה אִתָּ֑ם וְצֹ֣אן וּבָקָ֔ר מִקְנֶ֖ה כָּבֵ֥ד מְאֹֽד׃ [And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.349/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:321 # text = וְגַם־עֵ֥רֶב רַ֖ב עָלָ֣ה אִתָּ֑ם וְצֹ֣אן וּבָקָ֔ר מִקְנֶ֖ה כָּבֵ֥ד מְאֹֽד׃ # verse = EXO.12.38 1-2 וְגַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:38!1|MId=o020120380011|Strong=2050b 2 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=EXO_12:38!1|MId=o020120380012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3 עֵ֥רֶב עֵרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=a.mixed.company|Ref=EXO_12:38!2|MId=o020120380021|Strong=6154a 4 רַ֖ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 amod _ Gloss=numerous|Ref=EXO_12:38!3|MId=o020120380031|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 5 עָלָ֣ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.went.up|Ref=EXO_12:38!4|MId=o020120380041|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:020120380021;|Type=qatal 6-7 אִתָּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_12:38!5|MId=o020120380051|Strong=0854 7 ָ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_12:38!5|MId=o020120380052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְצֹ֣אן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:38!6|MId=o020120380061|Strong=2050b 9 צֹ֣אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=flock[s]|Ref=EXO_12:38!6|MId=o020120380062|Strong=6629 10-11 וּבָקָ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_12:38!7|MId=o020120380071|Strong=2050b 11 בָקָ֔ר בָּקָר NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=herd[s]|Ref=EXO_12:38!7|MId=o020120380072|Strong=1241 12 מִקְנֶ֖ה מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=EXO_12:38!8|MId=o020120380081|Strong=4735 13 כָּבֵ֥ד כָּבֵד ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 amod _ Gloss=numerous|Ref=EXO_12:38!9|MId=o020120380091|Strong=3515|Type=adjective 14 מְאֹֽד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=very|Ref=EXO_12:38!10|MId=o020120380101|Strong=3966|SpaceAfter=No 15 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 14 punct _ Ref=EXO_12:38!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *it went up* | qatal · qal | עֵרֶב *a mixed company* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאַף נוּכְרָאִין סַגִיאִין סְלִיקוּ עִמְהוֹן וְעָנָא וְתוֹרִין בְּעִירָא סַגִי לַחֲדָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.349/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:321`. - ← previous: [Exodus 12:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.37/) - next →: [Exodus 12:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.39/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/)