--- title: Exodus 13:13 — And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck; and all the first-born of man among thy sons shalt thou redeem. Who acts: thou. Exodus 13:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/13/) / 13:13 # Exodus 13:13 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** redeem, not redeem, break · **To what, where:** firstling, neck, first born This is Exodus 13:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou — and what happens in the verse to firstling, neck, first born, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכָל־פֶּ֤טֶר חֲמֹר֙ תִּפְדֶּ֣ה בְשֶׂ֔ה וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ וְכֹ֨ל בְּכ֥וֹר אָדָ֛ם בְּבָנֶ֖יךָ תִּפְדֶּֽה׃ [And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck; and all the first-born of man among thy sons shalt thou redeem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.375/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:347 # text = וְכָל־פֶּ֤טֶר חֲמֹר֙ תִּפְדֶּ֣ה בְשֶׂ֔ה וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ וְכֹ֨ל בְּכ֥וֹר אָדָ֛ם בְּבָנֶ֖יךָ תִּפְדֶּֽה׃ # verse = EXO.13.13 1-2 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:13!1|MId=o020130130011|Strong=2050b 2 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_13:13!1|MId=o020130130012|Strong=3605 3 פֶּ֤טֶר פֶּטֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=EXO_13:13!2|MId=o020130130021|Strong=6363 4 חֲמֹר֙ חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.donkey|Ref=EXO_13:13!3|MId=o020130130031|Strong=2543 5 תִּפְדֶּ֣ה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.redeem|Ref=EXO_13:13!4|MId=o020130130041|Strong=6299|Frame=A0:020130030042;A1:020130130021;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 בְשֶׂ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_13:13!5|MId=o020130130051|Strong=0871a 7 שֶׂ֔ה שֶׂה NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=a.sheep|Ref=EXO_13:13!5|MId=o020130130052|Strong=7716 8-9 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:13!6|MId=o020130130061|Strong=2050b 9 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=EXO_13:13!6|MId=o020130130062|Strong=0518 10 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_13:13!7|MId=o020130130071|Strong=3808|Type=negative 11 תִפְדֶּ֖ה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.redeem.[it]|Ref=EXO_13:13!8|MId=o020130130081|Strong=6299|Frame=A0:020130030042;A1:020130130021;|Type=yiqtol 12-14 וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:13!9|MId=o020130130091|Strong=2050b 13 עֲרַפְתּ עָרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_13:13!9|MId=o020130130092|Strong=6202|Frame=A0:020130030042;A1:020130130093;|Type=weqatal 14 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ Gloss=will.break.its.neck|Ref=EXO_13:13!9|MId=o020130130093|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְכֹ֨ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:13!10|MId=o020130130101|Strong=2050b 16 כֹ֨ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_13:13!10|MId=o020130130102|Strong=3605 17 בְּכ֥וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=EXO_13:13!11|MId=o020130130111|Strong=1060 18 אָדָ֛ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.humankind|Ref=EXO_13:13!12|MId=o020130130121|Strong=0120 19-21 בְּבָנֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=EXO_13:13!13|MId=o020130130131|Strong=0871a 20 בָנֶ֖י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nmod _ Gloss=sons|Ref=EXO_13:13!13|MId=o020130130132|Strong=1121 21 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_13:13!13|MId=o020130130133|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22 תִּפְדֶּֽה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you.will.redeem|Ref=EXO_13:13!14|MId=o020130130141|Strong=6299|Frame=A0:020130030042;A1:020130130111;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EXO_13:13!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּפְדֶּה *you will redeem* | yiqtol · qal | | פֶּטֶר *firstborn* | | | | **not** תִפְדֶּה *you will redeem \[it\]* | yiqtol · qal | | פֶּטֶר *firstborn* | | | | עֲרַפְתּ *you* | weqatal · qal | | וֹ *will break its neck* | | | | תִּפְדֶּֽה *you will redeem* | yiqtol · qal | | בְּכוֹר *firstborn* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְכָל פָּתַח (בּוּכְרָא) דַחֲמָרָא תִּפְרוֹק בְּאִמְרָא וְאִם לָא תִפְרוֹק וְתִנְקְפֵהּ וְכָל בּוּכְרָא דַאֲנָשָׁא בִּבְנָיךְ תִּפְרוֹק: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And every firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck; and all the first-born of man among thy sons shalt thou redeem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.375/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:347`. - ← previous: [Exodus 13:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.12/) - next →: [Exodus 13:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.14/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/13/)