--- title: Exodus 13:17 — And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God le… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said: 'Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.' Who acts: firstling, Pharaoh, people, God. Exodus 13:17 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/13/) / 13:17 # Exodus 13:17 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** firstling, Pharaoh, people, God, that · **What happens:** come, pass, let, go, not lead, be · **To what, where:** people, war, Egypt · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 13:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — firstling, Pharaoh, people, God, that — and what happens in the verse to people, war, Egypt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֗י בְּשַׁלַּ֣ח פַּרְעֹה֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וְלֹא־נָחָ֣ם אֱלֹהִ֗ים דֶּ֚רֶךְ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֥י קָר֖וֹב ה֑וּא כִּ֣י ׀ אָמַ֣ר אֱלֹהִ֗ים פֶּֽן־יִנָּחֵ֥ם הָעָ֛ם בִּרְאֹתָ֥ם מִלְחָמָ֖ה וְשָׁ֥בוּ מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃ [And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said: 'Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.379/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:351 # text = וַיְהִ֗י בְּשַׁלַּ֣ח פַּרְעֹה֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וְלֹא־נָחָ֣ם אֱלֹהִ֗ים דֶּ֚רֶךְ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֥י קָר֖וֹב ה֑וּא כִּ֣י ׀ אָמַ֣ר אֱלֹהִ֗ים פֶּֽן־יִנָּחֵ֥ם הָעָ֛ם בִּרְאֹתָ֥ם מִלְחָמָ֖ה וְשָׁ֥בוּ מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃ # verse = EXO.13.17 1-2 וַיְהִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:17!1|MId=o020130170011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֗י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_13:17!1|MId=o020130170012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בְּשַׁלַּ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=EXO_13:17!2|MId=o020130170021|Strong=0871a 4 שַׁלַּ֣ח שָׁלַח VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 advcl _ Gloss=let.go|Ref=EXO_13:17!2|MId=o020130170022|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:020130170031;A1:020130170052;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 פַּרְעֹה֮ פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_13:17!3|MId=o020130170031|Strong=6547 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_13:17!4|MId=o020130170041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הָעָם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_13:17!5|MId=o020130170051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 עָם֒ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_13:17!5|MId=o020130170052|Strong=5971 9-10 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:17!6|MId=o020130170061|Strong=2050b 10 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_13:17!6|MId=o020130170062|Strong=3808|Type=negative 11-12 נָחָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 נָח נָחָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=EXO_13:17!7|MId=o020130170071|Strong=5148|Frame=A1:020130170072;A0:020130170081;|Type=qatal 12 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=led.them|Ref=EXO_13:17!7|MId=o020130170072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_13:17!8|MId=o020130170081|Strong=0430 14 דֶּ֚רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.way|Ref=EXO_13:17!9|MId=o020130170091|Strong=1870 15 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.land|Ref=EXO_13:17!10|MId=o020130170101|Strong=0776 16 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=EXO_13:17!11|MId=o020130170111|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 17 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_13:17!12|MId=o020130170121|Strong=3588 18 קָר֖וֹב קָרֹוב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[was].near|Ref=EXO_13:17!13|MId=o020130170131|Strong=7138|Type=adjective 19 ה֑וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_13:17!14|MId=o020130170141|Strong=1931|Type=personal 20 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_13:17!15|MId=o020130170151|Strong=3588 21 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=EXO_13:17!15 22 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EXO_13:17!16|MId=o020130170161|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020130170171;|Type=qatal 23 אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_13:17!17|MId=o020130170171|Strong=0430 24 פֶּֽן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=EXO_13:17!18|MId=o020130170181|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 25 יִנָּחֵ֥ם נָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.should.regret|Ref=EXO_13:17!19|MId=o020130170191|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:020130170202;|Type=yiqtol 26-27 הָעָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_13:17!20|MId=o020130170201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 עָ֛ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_13:17!20|MId=o020130170202|Strong=5971 28-30 בִּרְאֹתָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=EXO_13:17!21|MId=o020130170211|Strong=0871a 29 רְאֹת רָאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 advcl _ Gloss=see|Ref=EXO_13:17!21|MId=o020130170212|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:020130170213;A1:020130170221;|Type=infinitive_construct 30 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=EXO_13:17!21|MId=o020130170213|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 31 מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 obj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=EXO_13:17!22|MId=o020130170221|Strong=4421 32-33 וְשָׁ֥בוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_13:17!23|MId=o020130170231|Strong=2050b 33 שָׁ֥בוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 25 conj _ Gloss=they.will.return|Ref=EXO_13:17!23|MId=o020130170232|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:020130170202;|Type=weqatal 34-35 מִצְרָֽיְמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 מִצְרָֽיְמ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 33 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_13:17!24|MId=o020130170241|Strong=4714 35 ָה ה X _ _ 34 nmod _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=EXO_13:17!24|MId=o020130170242|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=EXO_13:17!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שַׁלַּח *let go* | infinitive construct · piel | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | עָם *people* | | | | **not** נָח *he* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | ָם *led them* | | | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | | יִנָּחֵם *it should regret* | yiqtol · niphal | עָם *people* | | | | | רְאֹת *see* | infinitive construct · qal | ָם *they* | מִלְחָמָה *battle* | | | | שָׁבוּ *they will return* | weqatal · qal | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד שַׁלַח פַּרְעֹה יָת עַמָא וְלָא דַבָּרִינוּן יְיָ אֹרַח אַרְעָא פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אֲרֵי קָרִיבָא הוּא אֲרֵי אֲמַר יְיָ דִילְמָא יְזוּעוּן עַמָא בְּמֶחֱזֵיהוֹן קְרָבָא וִיתוּבוּן לְמִצְרָיִם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said: 'Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.379/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:351`. - ← previous: [Exodus 13:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.16/) - next →: [Exodus 13:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.18/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/13/)