--- title: Exodus 14:16 — And lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and divide it; and the children of Israel shall go into the midst of the sea on dry ground. Who acts: thou, children. Exodus 14:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/) / 14:16 # Exodus 14:16 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, children · **What happens:** lift up, stretch out, divide, go · **To what, where:** rod, hand, sea, midst This is Exodus 14:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, children — and what happens in the verse to rod, hand, sea, midst, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַתָּ֞ה הָרֵ֣ם אֶֽת־מַטְּךָ֗ וּנְטֵ֧ה אֶת־יָדְךָ֛ עַל־הַיָּ֖ם וּבְקָעֵ֑הוּ וְיָבֹ֧אוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּ֖ם בַּיַּבָּשָֽׁה׃ [And lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and divide it; and the children of Israel shall go into the midst of the sea on dry ground.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.401/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:372 # text = וְאַתָּ֞ה הָרֵ֣ם אֶֽת־מַטְּךָ֗ וּנְטֵ֧ה אֶת־יָדְךָ֛ עַל־הַיָּ֖ם וּבְקָעֵ֑הוּ וְיָבֹ֧אוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּ֖ם בַּיַּבָּשָֽׁה׃ # verse = EXO.14.16 1-2 וְאַתָּ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:16!1|MId=o020140160011|Strong=2050b 2 אַתָּ֞ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_14:16!1|MId=o020140160012|Strong=0859|Type=personal 3 הָרֵ֣ם רוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=raise|Ref=EXO_14:16!2|MId=o020140160021|Strong=7311|Frame=AA:020140160012;A0:020140160041;|Type=imperative 4 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_14:16!3|MId=o020140160031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 מַטְּךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מַטּ מַטֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=staff|Ref=EXO_14:16!4|MId=o020140160041|Strong=4294 6 ְךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_14:16!4|MId=o020140160042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 7-8 וּנְטֵ֧ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:16!5|MId=o020140160051|Strong=2050b 8 נְטֵ֧ה נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=stretch.out|Ref=EXO_14:16!5|MId=o020140160052|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:020140150041;A1:020140160071;|Type=imperative 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_14:16!6|MId=o020140160061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 יָדְךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EXO_14:16!7|MId=o020140160071|Strong=3027 11 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_14:16!7|MId=o020140160072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=EXO_14:16!8|MId=o020140160081|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַיָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:16!9|MId=o020140160091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 יָּ֖ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EXO_14:16!9|MId=o020140160092|Strong=3220 15-17 וּבְקָעֵ֑הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:16!10|MId=o020140160101|Strong=2050b 16 בְקָע בָּקַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=divide|Ref=EXO_14:16!10|MId=o020140160102|Strong=1234|Frame=A0:020140150041;A1:020140160103;|Type=imperative 17 ֵ֑הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_14:16!10|MId=o020140160103|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְיָבֹ֧אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=EXO_14:16!11|MId=o020140160111|Strong=2050b 19 יָבֹ֧אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=that.they.may.go|Ref=EXO_14:16!11|MId=o020140160112|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020140160121;|Type=yiqtol 20 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EXO_14:16!12|MId=o020140160121|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 21 יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_14:16!13|MId=o020140160131|Strong=3478 22-23 בְּת֥וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_14:16!14|MId=o020140160141|Strong=0871a 23 ת֥וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=EXO_14:16!14|MId=o020140160142|Strong=8432 24-25 הַיָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_14:16!15|MId=o020140160151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 יָּ֖ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sea|Ref=EXO_14:16!15|MId=o020140160152|Strong=3220 26-28 בַּיַּבָּשָֽׁה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_14:16!16|MId=o020140160161|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the.dry|Ref=EXO_14:16!16|MId=o020140160161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 יַּבָּשָֽׁה יַבָּשָׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=EXO_14:16!16|MId=o020140160162|Strong=3004 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:16!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָרֵם *raise* | imperative · hiphil | מַטּ *staff* | | | אַתָּה *you* | | נְטֵה *stretch out* | imperative · qal | | יָד *hand* | | | | בְקָע *divide* | imperative · qal | | ֵהוּ *it* | | | | יָבֹאוּ *that they may go* | yiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאַתְּ טוֹל יָת חֻטְרָךְ וַאֲרֵים יָת יְדָךְ עַל יַמָא וּבְזָעוֹהִי וְיֵעֲלוּן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּגוֹ יַמָא בְּיַבֶּשְׁתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and divide it; and the children of Israel shall go into the midst of the sea on dry ground.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.401/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:372`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.15/) - next →: [Exodus 14:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.17/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/)