--- title: Exodus 14:19 — And the angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, removed an… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud removed from before them, and stood behind them; Who acts: angel, pillar. Exodus 14:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/) / 14:19 # Exodus 14:19 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** angel, pillar · **What happens:** go, remove, stand · **To what, where:** camp This is Exodus 14:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — angel, pillar — and what happens in the verse to camp, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּסַּ֞ע מַלְאַ֣ךְ הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים הַהֹלֵךְ֙ לִפְנֵי֙ מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּסַּ֞ע עַמּ֤וּד הֶֽעָנָן֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּֽעֲמֹ֖ד מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃ [And the angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud removed from before them, and stood behind them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.404/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:375 # text = וַיִּסַּ֞ע מַלְאַ֣ךְ הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים הַהֹלֵךְ֙ לִפְנֵי֙ מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּסַּ֞ע עַמּ֤וּד הֶֽעָנָן֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּֽעֲמֹ֖ד מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = EXO.14.19 1-2 וַיִּסַּ֞ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:19!1|MId=o020140190011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּסַּ֞ע נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.set.out|Ref=EXO_14:19!1|MId=o020140190012|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:020140190021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מַלְאַ֣ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.angel|Ref=EXO_14:19!2|MId=o020140190021|Strong=4397 4-5 הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=EXO_14:19!3|MId=o020140190031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 אֱלֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_14:19!3|MId=o020140190032|Strong=0430 6-7 הַהֹלֵךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=EXO_14:19!4|MId=o020140190041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 הֹלֵךְ֙ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=had.been].going|Ref=EXO_14:19!4|MId=o020140190042|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:020140190021;|Type=participle_active 8-9 לִפְנֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EXO_14:19!5|MId=o020140190051|Strong=3807a 9 פְנֵי֙ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_14:19!5|MId=o020140190052|Strong=6440 10 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=EXO_14:19!6|MId=o020140190061|Strong=4264 11 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_14:19!7|MId=o020140190071|Strong=3478 12-13 וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:19!8|MId=o020140190081|Strong=2050b 13 יֵּ֖לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=EXO_14:19!8|MId=o020140190082|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:020140190021;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-16 מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=EXO_14:19!9|MId=o020140190091|Strong=4480 15 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=EXO_14:19!9|MId=o020140190092|Strong=0310 16 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_14:19!9|MId=o020140190093|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17-18 וַיִּסַּ֞ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:19!10|MId=o020140190101|Strong=2050b 18 יִּסַּ֞ע נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.set.out|Ref=EXO_14:19!10|MId=o020140190102|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:020140190111;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 עַמּ֤וּד עַמּוּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=the.pillar|Ref=EXO_14:19!11|MId=o020140190111|Strong=5982 20-21 הֶֽעָנָן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הֶֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=EXO_14:19!12|MId=o020140190121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 עָנָן֙ עָנָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=cloud|Ref=EXO_14:19!12|MId=o020140190122|Strong=6051 22-24 מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_14:19!13|MId=o020140190131|Strong=4480 23 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=EXO_14:19!13|MId=o020140190132|Strong=6440 24 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_14:19!13|MId=o020140190133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25-26 וַיַּֽעֲמֹ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:19!14|MId=o020140190141|Strong=2050b 26 יַּֽעֲמֹ֖ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.stood|Ref=EXO_14:19!14|MId=o020140190142|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:020140190111;|Type=wayyiqtol 27-29 מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=EXO_14:19!15|MId=o020140190151|Strong=4480 28 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=EXO_14:19!15|MId=o020140190152|Strong=0310 29 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_14:19!15|MId=o020140190153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:19!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּסַּע *he set out* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ *the angel* | | | | | הֹלֵךְ *had been\] going* | participle active · qal | מַלְאַךְ *the angel* | | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ *the angel* | | | | | יִּסַּע *it set out* | wayyiqtol · qal | עַמּוּד *the pillar* | | | | | יַּֽעֲמֹד *it stood* | wayyiqtol · qal | עַמּוּד *the pillar* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּנְטַל מַלְאֲכָא דַיְיָ דִמְדַבַּר קֳדָם מַשְׁרִיתָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲתָא מִבַּתְרֵיהוֹן וּנְטַל עַמּוּדָא דַעֲנָנָא מִן קֳדָמֵיהוֹן וּשְׁרָא מִבַּתְרֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the angel of God, who went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud removed from before them, and stood behind them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.404/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:375`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.18/) - next →: [Exodus 14:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.20/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/)