--- title: Exodus 14:20 — and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness here, yet gave it light by night there; and the one came not near the other all the night. Who acts: angel, one. Exodus 14:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/) / 14:20 # Exodus 14:20 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** angel, one · **What happens:** come, give, not come · **To what, where:** camp, light, angel, other This is Exodus 14:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — angel, one — and what happens in the verse to camp, light, angel, other, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֞א בֵּ֣ין ׀ מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֗יִם וּבֵין֙ מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְהִ֤י הֶֽעָנָן֙ וְהַחֹ֔שֶׁךְ וַיָּ֖אֶר אֶת־הַלָּ֑יְלָה וְלֹא־קָרַ֥ב זֶ֛ה אֶל־זֶ֖ה כָּל־הַלָּֽיְלָה׃ [and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness here, yet gave it light by night there; and the one came not near the other all the night.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.405/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:376 # text = וַיָּבֹ֞א בֵּ֣ין ׀ מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֗יִם וּבֵין֙ מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְהִ֤י הֶֽעָנָן֙ וְהַחֹ֔שֶׁךְ וַיָּ֖אֶר אֶת־הַלָּ֑יְלָה וְלֹא־קָרַ֥ב זֶ֛ה אֶל־זֶ֖ה כָּל־הַלָּֽיְלָה׃ # verse = EXO.14.20 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֞א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:20!1|MId=o020140200011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֞א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.went|Ref=EXO_14:20!1|MId=o020140200012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020140190111;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בֵּ֣ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=EXO_14:20!2|MId=o020140200021|Strong=0996 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:20!2 5 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=EXO_14:20!3|MId=o020140200031|Strong=4264 6 מִצְרַ֗יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_14:20!4|MId=o020140200041|Strong=4714 7-8 וּבֵין֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:20!5|MId=o020140200051|Strong=2050b 8 בֵין֙ בֵּין ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=EXO_14:20!5|MId=o020140200052|Strong=0996 9 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=EXO_14:20!6|MId=o020140200061|Strong=4264 10 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_14:20!7|MId=o020140200071|Strong=3478 11-12 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:20!8|MId=o020140200081|Strong=2050b 12 יְהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_14:20!8|MId=o020140200082|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:020140200092;020140200103;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 הֶֽעָנָן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֶֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:20!9|MId=o020140200091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 עָנָן֙ עָנָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=cloud|Ref=EXO_14:20!9|MId=o020140200092|Strong=6051 15-17 וְהַחֹ֔שֶׁךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:20!10|MId=o020140200101|Strong=2050b 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:20!10|MId=o020140200102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 חֹ֔שֶׁךְ חֹשֶׁךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=darkness|Ref=EXO_14:20!10|MId=o020140200103|Strong=2822 18-19 וַיָּ֖אֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:20!11|MId=o020140200111|Strong=2050b 19 יָּ֖אֶר אוֹר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=it.lit.up|Ref=EXO_14:20!11|MId=o020140200112|Strong=0215|Frame=AA:020140200092;A0:020140200132;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_14:20!12|MId=o020140200121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 הַלָּ֑יְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:20!13|MId=o020140200131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 לָּ֑יְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=night|Ref=EXO_14:20!13|MId=o020140200132|Strong=3915 23-24 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:20!14|MId=o020140200141|Strong=2050b 24 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_14:20!14|MId=o020140200142|Strong=3808|Type=negative 25 קָרַ֥ב קָרַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.drew.near|Ref=EXO_14:20!15|MId=o020140200151|Strong=7126|Frame=A0:020140200161;|Type=qatal 26 זֶ֛ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_14:20!16|MId=o020140200161|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 27 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_14:20!17|MId=o020140200171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 28 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_14:20!18|MId=o020140200181|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 29 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_14:20!19|MId=o020140200191|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 הַלָּֽיְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:20!20|MId=o020140200201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 לָּֽיְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=night|Ref=EXO_14:20!20|MId=o020140200202|Strong=3915 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:20!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹא *it went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָנָן *cloud* + חֹשֶׁךְ *darkness* | | | | | יָּאֶר *it lit up* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | לָּיְלָה *night* | | | עָנָן *cloud* | | **not** קָרַב *it drew near* | qatal · qal | זֶה *this* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְעַל בֵּין מַשְׁרִיתָא דְמִצְרָאֵי וּבֵין מַשְׁרִיתָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וַהֲוָה עֲנָנָא וְקַבְלָא לְמִצְרָאֵי וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל נְהַר כָּל לֵילְיָא וְלָא אִתְקְרִיבוּ דֵין לְוָת דֵין כָּל לֵילְיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness here, yet gave it light by night there; and the one came not near the other all the night.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.405/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:376`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.19/) - next →: [Exodus 14:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.21/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/)