--- title: Exodus 14:24 — And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians. Who acts: LORD. Exodus 14:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/) / 14:24 # Exodus 14:24 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** come, pass, look, discomfit · **To what, where:** sea, morning watch, pillar, host This is Exodus 14:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to sea, morning watch, pillar, host, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִי֙ בְּאַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּשְׁקֵ֤ף יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ וְעָנָ֑ן וַיָּ֕הָם אֵ֖ת מַחֲנֵ֥ה מִצְרָֽיִם׃ [And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.409/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:380 # text = וַֽיְהִי֙ בְּאַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּשְׁקֵ֤ף יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ וְעָנָ֑ן וַיָּ֕הָם אֵ֖ת מַחֲנֵ֥ה מִצְרָֽיִם׃ # verse = EXO.14.24 1-2 וַֽיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:24!1|MId=o020140240011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_14:24!1|MId=o020140240012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בְּאַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_14:24!2|MId=o020140240021|Strong=0871a 4 אַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת אַשְׁמֹרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.watch|Ref=EXO_14:24!2|MId=o020140240022|Strong=0821 5-6 הַבֹּ֔קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_14:24!3|MId=o020140240031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 בֹּ֔קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.morning|Ref=EXO_14:24!3|MId=o020140240032|Strong=1242 7-8 וַיַּשְׁקֵ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:24!4|MId=o020140240041|Strong=2050b 8 יַּשְׁקֵ֤ף שָׁקַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.looked.down|Ref=EXO_14:24!4|MId=o020140240042|Strong=8259|Frame=A0:020140240051;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 8 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_14:24!5|MId=o020140240051|Strong=3068 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_14:24!6|MId=o020140240061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11 מַחֲנֵ֣ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=EXO_14:24!7|MId=o020140240071|Strong=4264 12 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_14:24!8|MId=o020140240081|Strong=4714 13-14 בְּעַמּ֥וּד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_14:24!9|MId=o020140240091|Strong=0871a 14 עַמּ֥וּד עַמּוּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=a.pillar|Ref=EXO_14:24!9|MId=o020140240092|Strong=5982 15 אֵ֖שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.fire|Ref=EXO_14:24!10|MId=o020140240101|Strong=0784 16-17 וְעָנָ֑ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:24!11|MId=o020140240111|Strong=2050b 17 עָנָ֑ן עָנָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=cloud|Ref=EXO_14:24!11|MId=o020140240112|Strong=6051 18-19 וַיָּ֕הָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:24!12|MId=o020140240121|Strong=2050b 19 יָּ֕הָם הָמַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.confused|Ref=EXO_14:24!12|MId=o020140240122|Strong=2000|Frame=A0:020140240051;A1:020140240141;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_14:24!13|MId=o020140240131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 21 מַחֲנֵ֥ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=the.camp|Ref=EXO_14:24!14|MId=o020140240141|Strong=4264 22 מִצְרָֽיִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_14:24!15|MId=o020140240151|Strong=4714|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:24!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּשְׁקֵף *he looked down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יָּהָם *he confused* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | מַחֲנֵה *the camp* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּמַטְרַת צַפְרָא וְאִסְתְּכֵי יְיָ לְמַשְׁרִיתָא דְמִצְרָאֵי בְּעַמוּדָא דְאֶשָׁתָא וַעֲנָנָא וְשַׁגִישׁ יָת מַשְׁרִיתָא דְמִצְרָאֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.409/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:380`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.23/) - next →: [Exodus 14:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.25/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/)