--- title: Exodus 14:27 — And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returne… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea. Who acts: Moses, sea, morning, Egyptians. Exodus 14:27 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/) / 14:27 # Exodus 14:27 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** Moses, sea, morning, Egyptians, LORD · **What happens:** stretch, return, appear, flee, overthrow · **To what, where:** hand, sea, Egyptians, midst This is Exodus 14:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, sea, morning, Egyptians, LORD — and what happens in the verse to hand, sea, Egyptians, midst, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּט֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה אֶת־יָד֜וֹ עַל־הַיָּ֗ם וַיָּ֨שָׁב הַיָּ֜ם לִפְנ֥וֹת בֹּ֙קֶר֙ לְאֵ֣יתָנ֔וֹ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם נָסִ֣ים לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וַיְנַעֵ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃ [And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.412/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:383 # text = וַיֵּט֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה אֶת־יָד֜וֹ עַל־הַיָּ֗ם וַיָּ֨שָׁב הַיָּ֜ם לִפְנ֥וֹת בֹּ֙קֶר֙ לְאֵ֣יתָנ֔וֹ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם נָסִ֣ים לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וַיְנַעֵ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃ # verse = EXO.14.27 1-2 וַיֵּט֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:27!1|MId=o020140270011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּט֩ נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.stretched.out|Ref=EXO_14:27!1|MId=o020140270012|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:020140270021;A1:020140270041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מֹשֶׁ֨ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=EXO_14:27!2|MId=o020140270021|Strong=4872 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_14:27!3|MId=o020140270031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 יָד֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=EXO_14:27!4|MId=o020140270041|Strong=3027 6 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_14:27!4|MId=o020140270042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=EXO_14:27!5|MId=o020140270051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַיָּ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:27!6|MId=o020140270061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 יָּ֗ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EXO_14:27!6|MId=o020140270062|Strong=3220 10-11 וַיָּ֨שָׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:27!7|MId=o020140270071|Strong=2050b 11 יָּ֨שָׁב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.returned|Ref=EXO_14:27!7|MId=o020140270072|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:020140270082;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-13 הַיָּ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:27!8|MId=o020140270081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 יָּ֜ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EXO_14:27!8|MId=o020140270082|Strong=3220 14-15 לִפְנ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=EXO_14:27!9|MId=o020140270091|Strong=3807a 15 פְנ֥וֹת פָּנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 advcl _ Gloss=turning|Ref=EXO_14:27!9|MId=o020140270092|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:020140270101;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 בֹּ֙קֶר֙ בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=of.morning|Ref=EXO_14:27!10|MId=o020140270101|Strong=1242 17-19 לְאֵ֣יתָנ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_14:27!11|MId=o020140270111|Strong=3807a 18 אֵ֣יתָנ אֵיתָן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=its.normal|Ref=EXO_14:27!11|MId=o020140270112|Strong=0386|Type=adjective 19 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[state]|Ref=EXO_14:27!11|MId=o020140270113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וּמִצְרַ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:27!12|MId=o020140270121|Strong=2050b 21 מִצְרַ֖יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=EXO_14:27!12|MId=o020140270122|Strong=4714 22 נָסִ֣ים נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[were].fleeing|Ref=EXO_14:27!13|MId=o020140270131|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:020140270122;|Type=participle_active 23-25 לִקְרָאת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_14:27!14|MId=o020140270141|Strong=3807a 24 קְרָאת קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=EXO_14:27!14|MId=o020140270142|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:020140270122;A1:020140270143;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_14:27!14|MId=o020140270143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 וַיְנַעֵ֧ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:27!15|MId=o020140270151|Strong=2050b 27 יְנַעֵ֧ר נָעַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.shook.off|Ref=EXO_14:27!15|MId=o020140270152|Strong=5287|Frame=A0:020140270161;A1:020140270181;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_14:27!16|MId=o020140270161|Strong=3068 29 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_14:27!17|MId=o020140270171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 30 מִצְרַ֖יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 27 obj _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=EXO_14:27!18|MId=o020140270181|Strong=4714 31-32 בְּת֥וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_14:27!19|MId=o020140270191|Strong=0871a 32 ת֥וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=EXO_14:27!19|MId=o020140270192|Strong=8432 33-34 הַיָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_14:27!20|MId=o020140270201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 יָּֽם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sea|Ref=EXO_14:27!20|MId=o020140270202|Strong=3220 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:27!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּט *he stretched out* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | יָד *hand* | | | | יָּשָׁב *it returned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יָּם *sea* | | | | | פְנוֹת *turning* | infinitive construct · qal | בֹּקֶר *of morning* | | | | | נָסִים *\[were\] fleeing* | participle active · qal | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | | קְרָאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | וֹ *it* | | | | יְנַעֵר *he shook off* | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲרֵים משֶׁה יָת יְדֵהּ עַל יַמָא וְתָב יַמָא לְעִדַן צַפְרָא לְתָקְפֵּהּ וּמִצְרָאֵי עָרְקִין לְקַדָמוּתֵהּ וְשַׁנִיק יְיָ יָת מִצְרָאֵי בְּגוֹ יַמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.412/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:383`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.26/) - next →: [Exodus 14:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.28/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/)