--- title: Exodus 14:9 — And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon. Who acts: Egyptians. Exodus 14:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/) / 14:9 # Exodus 14:9 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** Egyptians · **What happens:** pursue, overtake, encamp · **To what, where:** horses, children, Pi This is Exodus 14:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Egyptians — and what happens in the verse to horses, children, Pi, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ מִצְרַ֜יִם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ אוֹתָם֙ חֹנִ֣ים עַל־הַיָּ֔ם כָּל־סוּס֙ רֶ֣כֶב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו וְחֵיל֑וֹ עַל־פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת לִפְנֵ֖י בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן׃ [And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.393/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:365 # text = וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ מִצְרַ֜יִם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ אוֹתָם֙ חֹנִ֣ים עַל־הַיָּ֔ם כָּל־סוּס֙ רֶ֣כֶב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו וְחֵיל֑וֹ עַל־פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת פִּי֙ הַֽחִירֹ֔ת לִפְנֵ֖י בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן בַּ֥עַל צְפֹֽן׃ # verse = EXO.14.9 1-2 וַיִּרְדְּפ֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:9!1|MId=o020140090011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרְדְּפ֨וּ רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.pursued|Ref=EXO_14:9!1|MId=o020140090012|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:020140090021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מִצְרַ֜יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=EXO_14:9!2|MId=o020140090021|Strong=4714 4-5 אַחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=EXO_14:9!3|MId=o020140090031|Strong=0310 5 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_14:9!3|MId=o020140090032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 6-7 וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:9!4|MId=o020140090041|Strong=2050b 7 יַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ נָשַׂג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.overtook|Ref=EXO_14:9!4|MId=o020140090042|Strong=5381|Frame=A0:020140090052;AA:020140090101;020140090132;020140090142;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 אוֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_14:9!5|MId=o020140090051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 9 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_14:9!5|MId=o020140090052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10 חֹנִ֣ים חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 9 appos _ Gloss=encamping|Ref=EXO_14:9!6|MId=o020140090061|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:020140080122;|Type=participle_active 11 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EXO_14:9!7|MId=o020140090071|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַיָּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_14:9!8|MId=o020140090081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 יָּ֔ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EXO_14:9!8|MId=o020140090082|Strong=3220 14 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=EXO_14:9!9|MId=o020140090091|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 15 סוּס֙ סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).horse|Ref=EXO_14:9!10|MId=o020140090101|Strong=5483 16 רֶ֣כֶב רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.chariotry|Ref=EXO_14:9!11|MId=o020140090111|Strong=7393 17 פַּרְעֹ֔ה פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_14:9!12|MId=o020140090121|Strong=6547 18-20 וּפָרָשָׁ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:9!13|MId=o020140090131|Strong=2050b 19 פָרָשָׁ֖י פָּרָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 conj _ Gloss=horsemen|Ref=EXO_14:9!13|MId=o020140090132|Strong=6571 20 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_14:9!13|MId=o020140090133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21-23 וְחֵיל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_14:9!14|MId=o020140090141|Strong=2050b 22 חֵיל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=army|Ref=EXO_14:9!14|MId=o020140090142|Strong=2428 23 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_14:9!14|MId=o020140090143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EXO_14:9!15|MId=o020140090151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 25 פִּי֙ פִּי PROPN _ _ 7 obl _ Gloss=Pi-hahiroth|Ref=EXO_14:9!16|MId=o020140090161 26 הַֽחִירֹ֔ת הַחִירֹות PROPN _ _ 25 flat:name _ Ref=EXO_14:9!16 27 פִּי֙ פִּי PROPN _ _ 25 nmod _ Gloss=Hahiroth|Ref=EXO_14:9!17|MId=o020140090171 28 הַֽחִירֹ֔ת הַחִירֹת PROPN _ _ 27 flat:name _ Ref=EXO_14:9!17 29-30 לִפְנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=EXO_14:9!18|MId=o020140090181|Strong=3807a 30 פְנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_14:9!18|MId=o020140090182|Strong=6440 31 בַּ֥עַל בַּעַל PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Baal-Zephon|Ref=EXO_14:9!19|MId=o020140090191 32 צְפֹֽן צְפֹן PROPN _ _ 31 flat:name _ Ref=EXO_14:9!19 33 בַּ֥עַל בַּעַל PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Baal-Zephon|Ref=EXO_14:9!20|MId=o020140090201 34 צְפֹֽן צְפוֹן PROPN _ _ 33 flat:name _ Ref=EXO_14:9!20|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=EXO_14:9!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרְדְּפוּ *they pursued* | wayyiqtol · qal | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | | יַּשִּׂיגוּ *they overtook* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | סוּס *(the) horse* + פָרָשָׁי *horsemen* + חֵיל *army* | | חֹנִים *encamping* | participle active · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּרְדָפוּ מִצְרָאֵי בַּתְרֵיהוֹן וְאַדְבִּיקוּ יָתְהוֹן כַּד שָׁרָן עַל יַמָא כָּל סוּסָוַת רְתִכֵּי פַרְעֹה וּפָרָשׁוֹהִי וּמַשִׁרְיָתֵהּ עַל פּוּם חִירָתָא קֳדָם בְּעֵיל צְפוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.393/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:365`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.8/) - next →: [Exodus 14:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.10/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/14/)