--- title: Exodus 15:1 — Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea. Who acts: Moses, I, Israel. Exodus 15:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/15/) / 15:1 # Exodus 15:1 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** Moses, I, Israel · **What happens:** sing, speak, say, exalt, throw · **To what, where:** song, Israel, horse, sea · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 15:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, I, Israel — and what happens in the verse to song, Israel, horse, sea, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אָ֣ז יָשִֽׁיר־מֹשֶׁה֩ וּבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־הַשִּׁירָ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֵאמֹ֑ר אָשִׁ֤ירָה לַֽיהוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃ [Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.417/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:388 # text = אָ֣ז יָשִֽׁיר־מֹשֶׁה֩ וּבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־הַשִּׁירָ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֵאמֹ֑ר אָשִׁ֤ירָה לַֽיהוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃ # verse = EXO.15.1 1 אָ֣ז אָז ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=then|Ref=EXO_15:1!1|MId=o020150010011|Strong=0227 2 יָשִֽׁיר־ שִׁיר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sang|Ref=EXO_15:1!2|MId=o020150010021|Strong=7891|Frame=A0:020150010031;020150010042;A1:020150010072;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 3 מֹשֶׁה֩ מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=EXO_15:1!3|MId=o020150010031|Strong=4872 4-5 וּבְנֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_15:1!4|MId=o020150010041|Strong=2050b 5 בְנֵ֨י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EXO_15:1!4|MId=o020150010042|Strong=1121 6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_15:1!5|MId=o020150010051|Strong=3478 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_15:1!6|MId=o020150010061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הַשִּׁירָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_15:1!7|MId=o020150010071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 שִּׁירָ֤ה שִׁירָה NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=song|Ref=EXO_15:1!7|MId=o020150010072|Strong=7892a 10-11 הַזֹּאת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_15:1!8|MId=o020150010081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 זֹּאת֙ זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 9 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_15:1!8|MId=o020150010082|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 12-13 לַֽיהוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_15:1!9|MId=o020150010091|Strong=3807a 13 יהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_15:1!9|MId=o020150010092|Strong=3068 14-15 וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_15:1!10|MId=o020150010101|Strong=2050b 15 יֹּאמְר֖וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=EXO_15:1!10|MId=o020150010102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020150010031;020150010042;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 18 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=EXO_15:1!11|MId=o020150010111|Strong=3807a 17 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 16 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_15:1!11|MId=o020150010112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020150010031;020150010042;|Type=infinitive_construct 18 אָשִׁ֤ירָה שִׁיר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 15 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.sing|Ref=EXO_15:1!12|MId=o020150010121|Strong=7891|Frame=A0:020150010031;020150010042;|Type=cohortative 19-20 לַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_15:1!13|MId=o020150010131|Strong=3807a 20 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 18 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_15:1!13|MId=o020150010132|Strong=3068 21 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_15:1!14|MId=o020150010141|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 22 גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 23 obl:npmod _ Gloss=highly.(exalted)|Ref=EXO_15:1!15|MId=o020150010151|Strong=1342|Type=infinitive_absolute 23 גָּאָ֔ה גָּאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 advcl _ Gloss=he.is.exalted|Ref=EXO_15:1!16|MId=o020150010161|Strong=1342|Frame=A0:020150010132;|Type=qatal 24 ס֥וּס סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=the.horse|Ref=EXO_15:1!17|MId=o020150010171|Strong=5483 25-27 וְרֹכְב֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_15:1!18|MId=o020150010181|Strong=2050b 26 רֹכְב רָכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=rider|Ref=EXO_15:1!18|MId=o020150010182|Strong=7392|Frame=A1:020150010183;|Type=participle_active 27 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EXO_15:1!18|MId=o020150010183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 רָמָ֥ה רָמָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.thrown|Ref=EXO_15:1!19|MId=o020150010191|Strong=7411|Frame=A0:020150010132;A1:020150010171;020150010182;|Type=qatal 29-31 בַיָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_15:1!20|MId=o020150010201|Strong=0871a 30 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_15:1!20|MId=o020150010201ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 יָּֽם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EXO_15:1!20|MId=o020150010202|Strong=3220 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=EXO_15:1!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָשִֽׁיר־ *he sang* | yiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + בְנֵי *the people* | שִּׁירָה *song* | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + בְנֵי *the people* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + בְנֵי *the people* | | | | | אָשִׁירָה *I will sing* | cohortative · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + בְנֵי *the people* | | | | | גָּאָה *he is exalted* | qatal · qal | יהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | רֹכְב *rider* | participle active · qal | | וֹ *its* | | | | רָמָה *he has thrown* | qatal · qal | יהוָה *Yahweh* | סוּס *the horse* + רֹכְב *rider* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} בְּכֵן שַׁבַּח משֶׁה וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יָת תִּשְׁבַּחְתָּא הָדָא קֳדָם יְיָ וַאֲמָרוּ לְמֵימָר נְשַׁבַּח וְנוֹדֶה קָדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי אִתְגָאֵי עַל גֵוְתָנַיָא וְגֵאוּתָא דִילֵהּ הִיא סוּסְיָא וְרָכְבֵהּ רְמָא בְיַמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.417/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:388`. - ← previous: [Exodus 14:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.31/) - next →: [Exodus 15:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.2/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/15/)