--- title: Exodus 15:19 — For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his hor… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea. Who acts: horses, LORD, children. Exodus 15:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/15/) / 15:19 # Exodus 15:19 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** horses, LORD, children · **What happens:** go in, bring back, walk · **To what, where:** sea, waters, dry land This is Exodus 15:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — horses, LORD, children — and what happens in the verse to sea, waters, dry land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י בָא֩ ס֨וּס פַּרְעֹ֜ה בְּרִכְבּ֤וֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו֙ בַּיָּ֔ם וַיָּ֧שֶׁב יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵהֶ֖ם אֶת־מֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָלְכ֥וּ בַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃פ [For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.435/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:406 # text = כִּ֣י בָא֩ ס֨וּס פַּרְעֹ֜ה בְּרִכְבּ֤וֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו֙ בַּיָּ֔ם וַיָּ֧שֶׁב יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵהֶ֖ם אֶת־מֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָלְכ֥וּ בַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃פ # verse = EXO.15.19 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_15:19!1|MId=o020150190011|Strong=3588 2 בָא֩ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=EXO_15:19!2|MId=o020150190021|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020150190031;|Type=qatal 3 ס֨וּס סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.horse[s]|Ref=EXO_15:19!3|MId=o020150190031|Strong=5483 4 פַּרְעֹ֜ה פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_15:19!4|MId=o020150190041|Strong=6547 5-7 בְּרִכְבּ֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_15:19!5|MId=o020150190051|Strong=0871a 6 רִכְבּ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=chariot[s]|Ref=EXO_15:19!5|MId=o020150190052|Strong=7393 7 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_15:19!5|MId=o020150190053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-11 וּבְפָרָשָׁיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_15:19!6|MId=o020150190061|Strong=2050b 9 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_15:19!6|MId=o020150190062|Strong=0871a 10 פָרָשָׁי פָּרָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 conj _ Gloss=horsemen|Ref=EXO_15:19!6|MId=o020150190063|Strong=6571 11 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_15:19!6|MId=o020150190064|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-14 בַּיָּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_15:19!7|MId=o020150190071|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_15:19!7|MId=o020150190071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 יָּ֔ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=EXO_15:19!7|MId=o020150190072|Strong=3220 15-16 וַיָּ֧שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_15:19!8|MId=o020150190081|Strong=2050b 16 יָּ֧שֶׁב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.brought.back|Ref=EXO_15:19!8|MId=o020150190082|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:020150190091;A0:020150190121;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_15:19!9|MId=o020150190091|Strong=3068 18-19 עֲלֵהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 עֲל עַל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=EXO_15:19!10|MId=o020150190101|Strong=5921 19 ֵהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_15:19!10|MId=o020150190102|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_15:19!11|MId=o020150190111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21 מֵ֣י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=the.waters|Ref=EXO_15:19!12|MId=o020150190121|Strong=4325 22-23 הַיָּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_15:19!13|MId=o020150190131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 יָּ֑ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sea|Ref=EXO_15:19!13|MId=o020150190132|Strong=3220 24-25 וּבְנֵ֧י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_15:19!14|MId=o020150190141|Strong=2050b 25 בְנֵ֧י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EXO_15:19!14|MId=o020150190142|Strong=1121 26 יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_15:19!15|MId=o020150190151|Strong=3478 27 הָלְכ֥וּ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.walked|Ref=EXO_15:19!16|MId=o020150190161|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:020150190142;|Type=qatal 28-30 בַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_15:19!17|MId=o020150190171|Strong=0871a 29 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the.dry|Ref=EXO_15:19!17|MId=o020150190171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 יַּבָּשָׁ֖ה יַבָּשָׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=EXO_15:19!17|MId=o020150190172|Strong=3004 31-32 בְּת֥וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_15:19!18|MId=o020150190181|Strong=0871a 32 ת֥וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=EXO_15:19!18|MId=o020150190182|Strong=8432 33-34 הַיָּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_15:19!19|MId=o020150190191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 יָּֽם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sea|Ref=EXO_15:19!19|MId=o020150190192|Strong=3220 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=EXO_15:19!19|SpaceAfter=No 36 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=EXO_15:19!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָא *it came* | qatal · qal | סוּס *the horse\[s\]* | | | | | יָּשֶׁב *he brought back* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מֵי *the waters* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | הָלְכוּ *they walked* | qatal · qal | בְנֵי *the people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אֲרֵי עַלוּ סוּסָוַת פַּרְעֹה בִּרְתִכּוֹהִי וּבְפָרָשׁוֹהִי בְּיַמָא וַאֲתֵיב יְיָ עֲלֵיהוֹן יָת מֵי יַמָא וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הַלִיכוּ בְיַבֶּשְׁתָּא בְּגוֹ יַמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.435/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:406`. - ← previous: [Exodus 15:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.18/) - next →: [Exodus 15:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.20/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/15/)