--- title: Exodus 16:13 — And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp. Who acts: quails, layer. Exodus 16:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/) / 16:13 # Exodus 16:13 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** quails, layer · **What happens:** come, pass, come up, cover, be · **To what, where:** bread, even, camp This is Exodus 16:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — quails, layer — and what happens in the verse to bread, even, camp, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י בָעֶ֔רֶב וַתַּ֣עַל הַשְּׂלָ֔ו וַתְּכַ֖ס אֶת־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּבַבֹּ֗קֶר הָֽיְתָה֙ שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטַּ֔ל סָבִ֖יב לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃ [And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.459/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:427 # text = וַיְהִ֣י בָעֶ֔רֶב וַתַּ֣עַל הַשְּׂלָ֔ו וַתְּכַ֖ס אֶת־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּבַבֹּ֗קֶר הָֽיְתָה֙ שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטַּ֔ל סָבִ֖יב לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃ # verse = EXO.16.13 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:13!1|MId=o020160130011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_16:13!1|MId=o020160130012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בָעֶ֔רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_16:13!2|MId=o020160130021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:13!2|MId=o020160130021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עֶ֔רֶב עֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=evening|Ref=EXO_16:13!2|MId=o020160130022|Strong=6153 6-7 וַתַּ֣עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:13!3|MId=o020160130031|Strong=2050b 7 תַּ֣עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.came.up|Ref=EXO_16:13!3|MId=o020160130032|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:020160130042;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 הַשְּׂלָ֔ו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:13!4|MId=o020160130041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 שְּׂלָ֔ו שְׂלָו NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=quail|Ref=EXO_16:13!4|MId=o020160130042|Strong=7958 10-11 וַתְּכַ֖ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:13!5|MId=o020160130051|Strong=2050b 11 תְּכַ֖ס כָּסָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=it.covered|Ref=EXO_16:13!5|MId=o020160130052|Strong=3680|Frame=A0:020160130042;A1:020160130072;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_16:13!6|MId=o020160130061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:13!7|MId=o020160130071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=camp|Ref=EXO_16:13!7|MId=o020160130072|Strong=4264 15-18 וּבַבֹּ֗קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:13!8|MId=o020160130081|Strong=2050b 16 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_16:13!8|MId=o020160130082|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:13!8|MId=o020160130082ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 בֹּ֗קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=morning|Ref=EXO_16:13!8|MId=o020160130083|Strong=1242 19 הָֽיְתָה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_16:13!9|MId=o020160130091|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:020160130101;|Type=qatal 20 שִׁכְבַ֣ת שְׁכָבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=the.layer|Ref=EXO_16:13!10|MId=o020160130101|Strong=7902 21-22 הַטַּ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_16:13!11|MId=o020160130111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 טַּ֔ל טַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.dew|Ref=EXO_16:13!11|MId=o020160130112|Strong=2919 23 סָבִ֖יב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 26 advmod _ Gloss=around|Ref=EXO_16:13!12|MId=o020160130121|Strong=5439 24-26 לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EXO_16:13!13|MId=o020160130131|Strong=3807a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:13!13|MId=o020160130131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מַּחֲנֶֽה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=camp|Ref=EXO_16:13!13|MId=o020160130132|Strong=4264 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EXO_16:13!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תַּעַל *it came up* | wayyiqtol · qal | שְּׂלָו *quail* | | | | | תְּכַס *it covered* | wayyiqtol · piel | שְּׂלָו *quail* | מַּחֲנֶה *camp* | | | | הָֽיְתָה *it was* | qatal · qal | שִׁכְבַת *the layer* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְרַמְשָׁא וּסְלֵיקַת סְלָיו וַחֲפַת יָת מַשְׁרִיתָא וּבְצַפְרָא הֲוַת נְחָתַת טַלָא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר לְמַשְׁרִיתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.459/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:427`. - ← previous: [Exodus 16:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.12/) - next →: [Exodus 16:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.14/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/)