--- title: Exodus 16:15 — And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'W… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was. And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat. Who acts: children, layer, Moses, LORD. Exodus 16:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/) / 16:15 # Exodus 16:15 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** children, layer, Moses, LORD · **What happens:** see, say, be, not know, give, eat · **To what, where:** layer, one, another, bread, you · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 16:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, layer, Moses, LORD — and what happens in the verse to layer, one, another, bread, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּרְא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ה֑וּא וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃ [And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.461/) [And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.462/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:429 # text = וַיִּרְא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ה֑וּא וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃ # verse = EXO.16.15 1-2 וַיִּרְא֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:15!1|MId=o020160150011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרְא֣וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.saw|Ref=EXO_16:15!1|MId=o020160150012|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:020160150021;A1:020160140091;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EXO_16:15!2|MId=o020160150021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_16:15!3|MId=o020160150031|Strong=3478 5-6 וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:15!4|MId=o020160150041|Strong=2050b 6 יֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=EXO_16:15!4|MId=o020160150042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020160150021;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אִ֤ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=EXO_16:15!5|MId=o020160150051|Strong=0376 8 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:15!6|MId=o020160150061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 אָחִיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אָחִי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ Gloss=brother|Ref=EXO_16:15!7|MId=o020160150071|Strong=0251 10 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_16:15!7|MId=o020160150072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 מָ֣ן מָן PRON _ PronType=Int 6 ccomp _ Gloss=what?|Ref=EXO_16:15!8|MId=o020160150081|Strong=4478a|Type=interrogative 12 ה֔וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].it|Ref=EXO_16:15!9|MId=o020160150091|Strong=1931|Type=personal 13 כִּ֛י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_16:15!10|MId=o020160150101|Strong=3588 14 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_16:15!11|MId=o020160150111|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 יָדְע֖וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 11 advcl _ Gloss=they.knew|Ref=EXO_16:15!12|MId=o020160150121|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:020160150021;A1:020160150131;|Type=qatal 16 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 15 ccomp _ Gloss=what?|Ref=EXO_16:15!13|MId=o020160150131|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 17 ה֑וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=[was].it|Ref=EXO_16:15!14|MId=o020160150141|Strong=1931|Type=personal 18-19 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:15!15|MId=o020160150151|Strong=2050b 19 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EXO_16:15!15|MId=o020160150152|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020160150161;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 מֹשֶׁה֙ מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=EXO_16:15!16|MId=o020160150161|Strong=4872 21-22 אֲלֵהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֲל אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:15!17|MId=o020160150171|Strong=0413 22 ֵהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_16:15!17|MId=o020160150172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_16:15!18|MId=o020160150181|Strong=1931|Type=personal 24-25 הַלֶּ֔חֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=EXO_16:15!19|MId=o020160150191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 לֶּ֔חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 ccomp _ Gloss=bread|Ref=EXO_16:15!19|MId=o020160150192|Strong=3899 26 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EXO_16:15!20|MId=o020160150201|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27 נָתַ֧ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=EXO_16:15!21|MId=o020160150211|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:020160150221;A1:020160150192;|Type=qatal 28 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_16:15!22|MId=o020160150221|Strong=3068 29-30 לָכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 ל לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:15!23|MId=o020160150231|Strong=3807a 30 ָכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_16:15!23|MId=o020160150232|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31-32 לְאָכְלָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:15!24|MId=o020160150241|Strong=3807a 32 אָכְלָֽה אׇכְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=food|Ref=EXO_16:15!24|MId=o020160150242|Strong=0402 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=EXO_16:15!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרְאוּ *they saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | **not** יָדְעוּ *they knew* | qatal · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | מַה־ *what?* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | לֶּחֶם *bread* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַחֲזוֹ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲמָרוּ גְבַר לַאֲחוּהִי מַנָא הוּא אֲרֵי לָא יְדָעוּ מָא הוּא וַאֲמַר משֶׁה לְהוֹן הוּא לַחְמָא דִי יְהַב יְיָ לְכוֹן לְמֵיכַל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.461/) 2. [And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.462/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:429`. - ← previous: [Exodus 16:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.14/) - next →: [Exodus 16:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.16/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/)