--- title: Exodus 16:23 — And he said unto them: 'This is that which the LORD hath spoken: To-… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto them: 'This is that which the LORD hath spoken: To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto the LORD. Bake that which ye will bake, and seethe that which ye will seethe; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.' Who acts: sun, This, LORD, morrow. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/) / 16:23 # Exodus 16:23 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** sun, This, LORD, morrow, you, ye · **What happens:** say, be, speak, bake, seethe, remain over · **To what, where:** that, solemn rest, you · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 16:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sun, This, LORD, morrow, you, ye — and what happens in the verse to that, solemn rest, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם ה֚וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁבָּת֧וֹן שַׁבַּת־קֹ֛דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֖ה מָחָ֑ר אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאפ֞וּ אֵפ֗וּ וְאֵ֤ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תְּבַשְּׁלוּ֙ בַּשֵּׁ֔לוּ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף הַנִּ֧יחוּ לָכֶ֛ם לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת עַד־הַבֹּֽקֶר׃ [And he said unto them: 'This is that which the LORD hath spoken: To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.470/) [Bake that which ye will bake, and seethe that which ye will seethe; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.471/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:437 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם ה֚וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁבָּת֧וֹן שַׁבַּת־קֹ֛דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֖ה מָחָ֑ר אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאפ֞וּ אֵפ֗וּ וְאֵ֤ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תְּבַשְּׁלוּ֙ בַּשֵּׁ֔לוּ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף הַנִּ֧יחוּ לָכֶ֛ם לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת עַד־הַבֹּֽקֶר׃ # verse = EXO.16.23 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:23!1|MId=o020160230011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EXO_16:23!1|MId=o020160230012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020160220152;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֲלֵהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲל אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:23!2|MId=o020160230021|Strong=0413 4 ֵהֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_16:23!2|MId=o020160230022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 ה֚וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 ccomp _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_16:23!3|MId=o020160230031|Strong=1931|Type=personal 6 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=[is.that].which|Ref=EXO_16:23!4|MId=o020160230041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 7 דִּבֶּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=EXO_16:23!5|MId=o020160230051|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:020160230061;|Type=qatal 8 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_16:23!6|MId=o020160230061|Strong=3068 9 שַׁבָּת֧וֹן שַׁבָּתוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=a.sabbath.observance|Ref=EXO_16:23!7|MId=o020160230071|Strong=7677 10 שַׁבַּת־ שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=a.sabbath|Ref=EXO_16:23!8|MId=o020160230081|Strong=7676|SpaceAfter=No 11 קֹ֛דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.holiness|Ref=EXO_16:23!9|MId=o020160230091|Strong=6944 12-13 לַֽיהוָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:23!10|MId=o020160230101|Strong=3807a 13 יהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 nmod _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_16:23!10|MId=o020160230102|Strong=3068 14 מָחָ֑ר מָחָר ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].tomorrow|Ref=EXO_16:23!11|MId=o020160230111|Strong=4279 15 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_16:23!12|MId=o020160230121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=EXO_16:23!13|MId=o020160230131|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 17 תֹּאפ֞וּ אָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.will.bake|Ref=EXO_16:23!14|MId=o020160230141|Strong=0644|Frame=A0:020160220121;020160220132;|Type=yiqtol 18 אֵפ֗וּ אָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=bake|Ref=EXO_16:23!15|MId=o020160230151|Strong=0644|Frame=A0:020160220121;020160220132;A1:020160230141;|Type=imperative 19-20 וְאֵ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:23!16|MId=o020160230161|Strong=2050b 20 אֵ֤ת אֵת ADP _ _ 23 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_16:23!16|MId=o020160230162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 21 אֲשֶֽׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=EXO_16:23!17|MId=o020160230171|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 22 תְּבַשְּׁלוּ֙ בָּשַׁל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.will.boil|Ref=EXO_16:23!18|MId=o020160230181|Strong=1310|Frame=A0:020160220121;020160220132;|Type=yiqtol 23 בַּשֵּׁ֔לוּ בָּשַׁל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 18 conj _ Gloss=boil|Ref=EXO_16:23!19|MId=o020160230191|Strong=1310|Frame=A0:020160220121;020160220132;A1:020160230181;|Type=imperative 24-25 וְאֵת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:23!20|MId=o020160230201|Strong=2050b 25 אֵת֙ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_16:23!20|MId=o020160230202|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 26 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_16:23!21|MId=o020160230211|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:23!22|MId=o020160230221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 עֹדֵ֔ף עָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=surplus|Ref=EXO_16:23!22|MId=o020160230222|Strong=5736|Type=participle_active 29 הַנִּ֧יחוּ נוח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 18 conj _ Gloss=leave|Ref=EXO_16:23!23|MId=o020160230231|Strong=5117|Frame=AA:020160220121;020160220132;A0:020160230222;|Type=imperative 30-31 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EXO_16:23!24|MId=o020160230241|Strong=3807a 31 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=EXO_16:23!24|MId=o020160230242|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 32-33 לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EXO_16:23!25|MId=o020160230251|Strong=3807a 33 מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת מִשְׁמֶרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=keeping|Ref=EXO_16:23!25|MId=o020160230252|Strong=4931 34 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=EXO_16:23!26|MId=o020160230261|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 הַבֹּֽקֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:23!27|MId=o020160230271|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 בֹּֽקֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=EXO_16:23!27|MId=o020160230272|Strong=1242 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=EXO_16:23!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | דִּבֶּר *he said* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | תֹּאפוּ *you will bake* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֵפוּ *bake* | imperative · qal | | תֹּאפוּ *you will bake* | | | | תְּבַשְּׁלוּ *you will boil* | yiqtol · piel | | | | | | בַּשֵּׁלוּ *boil* | imperative · piel | | תְּבַשְּׁלוּ *you will boil* | | | | הַנִּיחוּ *leave* | imperative · hiphil | עֹדֵף *surplus* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן הוּא דִי מַלִיל יְיָ שְׁבָתָא שְׁבַת קוּדְשָׁא קֳדָם יְיָ מְחָר יָת דִי אַתּוּן עֲתִידִין לְמֵפָא אֲפוֹ וְיָת דִי אַתּוּן עֲתִידִין לְבַשָׁלָא בַּשִׁילוּ וְיָת כָּל מוֹתָרָא אַצְנָעוּ לְכוֹן לְמַטְּרַת עַד צַפְרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto them: 'This is that which the LORD hath spoken: To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.470/) 2. [Bake that which ye will bake, and seethe that which ye will seethe; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.471/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:437`. - ← previous: [Exodus 16:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.22/) - next →: [Exodus 16:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.24/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/)