--- title: Exodus 16:3 — and the children of Israel said unto them: 'Would that we had died b… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and the children of Israel said unto them: 'Would that we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.' Who acts: children, we, ye. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/) / 16:3 # Exodus 16:3 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** children, we, ye · **What happens:** say, die, sit, eat, bring, kill · **To what, where:** bread, us, wilderness, whole assembly · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 16:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, we, ye — and what happens in the verse to bread, us, wilderness, whole assembly, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֲלֵהֶ֜ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מִֽי־יִתֵּ֨ן מוּתֵ֤נוּ בְיַד־יְהוָה֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּשִׁבְתֵּ֙נוּ֙ עַל־סִ֣יר הַבָּשָׂ֔ר בְּאָכְלֵ֥נוּ לֶ֖חֶם לָשֹׂ֑בַע כִּֽי־הוֹצֵאתֶ֤ם אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה לְהָמִ֛ית אֶת־כָּל־הַקָּהָ֥ל הַזֶּ֖ה בָּרָעָֽב׃ס [and the children of Israel said unto them: 'Would that we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.448/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:417 # text = וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֲלֵהֶ֜ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מִֽי־יִתֵּ֨ן מוּתֵ֤נוּ בְיַד־יְהוָה֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּשִׁבְתֵּ֙נוּ֙ עַל־סִ֣יר הַבָּשָׂ֔ר בְּאָכְלֵ֥נוּ לֶ֖חֶם לָשֹׂ֑בַע כִּֽי־הוֹצֵאתֶ֤ם אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה לְהָמִ֛ית אֶת־כָּל־הַקָּהָ֥ל הַזֶּ֖ה בָּרָעָֽב׃ס # verse = EXO.16.3 1-2 וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_16:3!1|MId=o020160030011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=EXO_16:3!1|MId=o020160030012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020160030031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֲלֵהֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲל אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:3!2|MId=o020160030021|Strong=0413 4 ֵהֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_16:3!2|MId=o020160030022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EXO_16:3!3|MId=o020160030031|Strong=1121 6 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_16:3!4|MId=o020160030041|Strong=3478 7 מִֽי־ מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 8 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=EXO_16:3!5|MId=o020160030051|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 8 יִתֵּ֨ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=will.he.give|Ref=EXO_16:3!6|MId=o020160030061|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:020160030051;A1:020160030071;|Type=yiqtol 9-10 מוּתֵ֤נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מוּת מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 ccomp _ Gloss=died|Ref=EXO_16:3!7|MId=o020160030071|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:020160030072;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 ֵ֤נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=EXO_16:3!7|MId=o020160030072|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 11-12 בְיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EXO_16:3!8|MId=o020160030081|Strong=0871a 12 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=EXO_16:3!8|MId=o020160030082|Strong=3027 13 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=EXO_16:3!9|MId=o020160030091|Strong=3068 14-15 בְּאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_16:3!10|MId=o020160030101|Strong=0871a 15 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=EXO_16:3!10|MId=o020160030102|Strong=0776 16 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_16:3!11|MId=o020160030111|Strong=4714 17-19 בְּשִׁבְתֵּ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=EXO_16:3!12|MId=o020160030121|Strong=0871a 18 שִׁבְתּ יָשַׁב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 advcl _ Gloss=sat|Ref=EXO_16:3!12|MId=o020160030122|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:020160030123;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 ֵ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=EXO_16:3!12|MId=o020160030123|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 20 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=EXO_16:3!13|MId=o020160030131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21 סִ֣יר סִיר NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.pot|Ref=EXO_16:3!14|MId=o020160030141|Strong=5518 22-23 הַבָּשָׂ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_16:3!15|MId=o020160030151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 בָּשָׂ֔ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.meat|Ref=EXO_16:3!15|MId=o020160030152|Strong=1320 24-26 בְּאָכְלֵ֥נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=EXO_16:3!16|MId=o020160030161|Strong=0871a 25 אָכְל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 conj _ Gloss=ate|Ref=EXO_16:3!16|MId=o020160030162|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:020160030163;A1:020160030171;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ֵ֥נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=EXO_16:3!16|MId=o020160030163|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 27 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=EXO_16:3!17|MId=o020160030171|Strong=3899 28-29 לָשֹׂ֑בַע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:3!18|MId=o020160030181|Strong=3807a 29 שֹׂ֑בַע שֹׂבַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=abundance|Ref=EXO_16:3!18|MId=o020160030182|Strong=7648 30 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_16:3!19|MId=o020160030191|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 31 הוֹצֵאתֶ֤ם יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 advcl _ Gloss=you.have.brought.out|Ref=EXO_16:3!20|MId=o020160030201|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:020160020081;020160020101;A0:020160030212;|Type=qatal 32-33 אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_16:3!21|MId=o020160030211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 33 ָ֙נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ Gloss=us|Ref=EXO_16:3!21|MId=o020160030212|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 34 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=EXO_16:3!22|MId=o020160030221|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:3!23|MId=o020160030231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 מִּדְבָּ֣ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=EXO_16:3!23|MId=o020160030232|Strong=4057 37-38 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_16:3!24|MId=o020160030241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_16:3!24|MId=o020160030242|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 39-40 לְהָמִ֛ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_16:3!25|MId=o020160030251|Strong=3807a 40 הָמִ֛ית מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 31 advcl _ Gloss=put.to.death|Ref=EXO_16:3!25|MId=o020160030252|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:020160020081;020160020101;A0:020160030282;|Type=infinitive_construct 41 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_16:3!26|MId=o020160030261|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 42 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_16:3!27|MId=o020160030271|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 43-44 הַקָּהָ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 44 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_16:3!28|MId=o020160030281|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 44 קָּהָ֥ל קָהָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=assembly|Ref=EXO_16:3!28|MId=o020160030282|Strong=6951 45-46 הַזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 46 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_16:3!29|MId=o020160030291|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 46 זֶּ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 44 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_16:3!29|MId=o020160030292|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 47-49 בָּרָעָֽב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 49 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=EXO_16:3!30|MId=o020160030301|Strong=0871a 48 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 49 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_16:3!30|MId=o020160030301ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 49 רָעָֽב רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 obl _ Gloss=hunger|Ref=EXO_16:3!30|MId=o020160030302|Strong=7458 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=EXO_16:3!30|SpaceAfter=No 51 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=EXO_16:3!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | | | | | יִתֵּן *will he give* | yiqtol · qal | מִֽי־ *who?* | מוּת *died* | | | | מוּת *died* | infinitive construct · qal | ֵנוּ *we* | | | | | שִׁבְתּ *sat* | infinitive construct · qal | ֵנוּ *we* | | | | | אָכְל *ate* | infinitive construct · qal | ֵנוּ *we* | לֶחֶם *food* | | | | הוֹצֵאתֶם *you have brought out* | qatal · hiphil | ָנוּ *us* | | | | | הָמִית *put to death* | infinitive construct · hiphil | קָּהָל *assembly* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמָרוּ לְהוֹן בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְוַי דְמִיתְנָא קֳדָם יְיָ בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם כַּד הֲוֵינָא יָתְבִין עַל דוּדֵי בִסְרָא כַּד הֲוֵינָא אָכְלִין לַחְמָא וְשָׂבְעִין אֲרֵי אַפֶּקְתּוּן יָתָנָא לְמַדְבְּרָא הָדֵין לְקַטָּלָא יָת כָּל קְהָלָא הָדֵין בְּכַפְנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and the children of Israel said unto them: 'Would that we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.448/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:417`. - ← previous: [Exodus 16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.2/) - next →: [Exodus 16:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.4/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/16/)