--- title: Exodus 17:12 — But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun. Who acts: hands, men, Moses, Aaron. Exodus 17:12 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.17.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/17/) / 17:12 # Exodus 17:12 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** hands, men, Moses, Aaron, sun. · **What happens:** be, take, put, sit, stay up, go · **To what, where:** stone, hand, hands This is Exodus 17:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — hands, men, Moses, Aaron, sun. — and what happens in the verse to stone, hand, hands, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וִידֵ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ כְּבֵדִ֔ים וַיִּקְחוּ־אֶ֛בֶן וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ תַחְתָּ֖יו וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב עָלֶ֑יהָ וְאַהֲרֹ֨ן וְח֜וּר תָּֽמְכ֣וּ בְיָדָ֗יו מִזֶּ֤ה אֶחָד֙ וּמִזֶּ֣ה אֶחָ֔ד וַיְהִ֥י יָדָ֛יו אֱמוּנָ֖ה עַד־בֹּ֥א הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ [But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.496/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:462 # text = וִידֵ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ כְּבֵדִ֔ים וַיִּקְחוּ־אֶ֛בֶן וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ תַחְתָּ֖יו וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב עָלֶ֑יהָ וְאַהֲרֹ֨ן וְח֜וּר תָּֽמְכ֣וּ בְיָדָ֗יו מִזֶּ֤ה אֶחָד֙ וּמִזֶּ֣ה אֶחָ֔ד וַיְהִ֥י יָדָ֛יו אֱמוּנָ֖ה עַד־בֹּ֥א הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ # verse = EXO.17.12 1-2 וִידֵ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!1|MId=o020170120011|Strong=2050b 2 ידֵ֤י יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 4 nsubj _ Gloss=the.hands|Ref=EXO_17:12!1|MId=o020170120012|Strong=3027 3 מֹשֶׁה֙ מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moses|Ref=EXO_17:12!2|MId=o020170120021|Strong=4872 4 כְּבֵדִ֔ים כָּבֵד ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].heavy|Ref=EXO_17:12!3|MId=o020170120031|Strong=3515|Type=adjective 5-6 וַיִּקְחוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!4|MId=o020170120041|Strong=2050b 6 יִּקְחוּ־ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.took|Ref=EXO_17:12!4|MId=o020170120042|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:020170100101;020170100112;A1:020170120051;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אֶ֛בֶן אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=a.stone|Ref=EXO_17:12!5|MId=o020170120051|Strong=0068 8-9 וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!6|MId=o020170120061|Strong=2050b 9 יָּשִׂ֥ימוּ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.put.[it]|Ref=EXO_17:12!6|MId=o020170120062|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:020170100101;020170100112;A1:020170120051;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 תַחְתָּ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 תַחְתָּ֖י תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 9 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=EXO_17:12!7|MId=o020170120071|Strong=8478 11 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=EXO_17:12!7|MId=o020170120072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-13 וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!8|MId=o020170120081|Strong=2050b 13 יֵּ֣שֶׁב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.sat|Ref=EXO_17:12!8|MId=o020170120082|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:020170120021;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-15 עָלֶ֑יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 עָלֶ֑י עַל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_17:12!9|MId=o020170120091|Strong=5921 15 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_17:12!9|MId=o020170120092|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 16-17 וְאַהֲרֹ֨ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!10|MId=o020170120101|Strong=2050b 17 אַהֲרֹ֨ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=EXO_17:12!10|MId=o020170120102|Strong=0175 18-19 וְח֜וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!11|MId=o020170120111|Strong=2050b 19 ח֜וּר חוּר PROPN _ _ 17 conj _ Gloss=Hur|Ref=EXO_17:12!11|MId=o020170120112|Strong=2354 20 תָּֽמְכ֣וּ תָּמַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.supported|Ref=EXO_17:12!12|MId=o020170120121|Strong=8551|Frame=A0:020170120102;020170120112;|Type=qatal 21-23 בְיָדָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=EXO_17:12!13|MId=o020170120131|Strong=0871a 22 יָדָ֗י יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 20 obl _ Gloss=hands|Ref=EXO_17:12!13|MId=o020170120132|Strong=3027 23 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_17:12!13|MId=o020170120133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24-25 מִזֶּ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_17:12!14|MId=o020170120141|Strong=4480 25 זֶּ֤ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 20 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_17:12!14|MId=o020170120142|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 26 אֶחָד֙ אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=EXO_17:12!15|MId=o020170120151|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 27-29 וּמִזֶּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!16|MId=o020170120161|Strong=2050b 28 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_17:12!16|MId=o020170120162|Strong=4480 29 זֶּ֣ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 conj _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_17:12!16|MId=o020170120163|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 30 אֶחָ֔ד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=EXO_17:12!17|MId=o020170120171|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 31-32 וַיְהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_17:12!18|MId=o020170120181|Strong=2050b 32 יְהִ֥י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 35 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_17:12!18|MId=o020170120182|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:020170120191;|Type=wayyiqtol 33-34 יָדָ֛יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 יָדָ֛י יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 35 nsubj _ Gloss=hands|Ref=EXO_17:12!19|MId=o020170120191|Strong=3027 34 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_17:12!19|MId=o020170120192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 אֱמוּנָ֖ה אֱמוּנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=steadiness|Ref=EXO_17:12!20|MId=o020170120201|Strong=0530 36 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=EXO_17:12!21|MId=o020170120211|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 37 בֹּ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 35 advcl _ Gloss=went|Ref=EXO_17:12!22|MId=o020170120221|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020170120232;|Type=infinitive_construct 38-39 הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_17:12!23|MId=o020170120231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 שָּֽׁמֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ Gloss=sun|Ref=EXO_17:12!23|MId=o020170120232|Strong=8121 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EXO_17:12!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְחוּ־ *they took* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֶבֶן *a stone* | | | | יָּשִׂימוּ *they put \[it\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֶבֶן *a stone* | | | | יֵּשֶׁב *he sat* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *of Moses* | | | | | תָּֽמְכוּ *they supported* | qatal · qal | אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* + חוּר *Hur* | | | | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | יָדָי *hands* | | | | | בֹּא *went* | infinitive construct · qal | שָּֽׁמֶשׁ *sun* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וִידֵי משֶׁה יְקָרָן וּנְסִיבוּ אַבְנָא וְשַׁוִיאוּ תְחוֹתוֹהִי וִיתֵב עֲלַהּ וְאַהֲרֹן וְחוּר סַעְדָן בִּידוֹהִי מִכָּא חַד וּמִכָּא חַד וַהֲוָה יְדוֹהִי פְּרִיסָן בִּצְלוֹ עַד דְעַל שִׁמְשָׁא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.496/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:462`. - ← previous: [Exodus 17:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.17.11/) - next →: [Exodus 17:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.17.13/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/17/)