--- title: Exodus 18:11 — Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods; yea, for that the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods; yea, for that they dealt proudly against them.' Who acts: I, LORD, Egyptians. Exodus 18:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/18/) / 18:11 # Exodus 18:11 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** I, LORD, Egyptians · **What happens:** know, be, deal · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 18:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, LORD, Egyptians — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהוָ֖ה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ [Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods; yea, for that they dealt proudly against them.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.511/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:477 # text = עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהוָ֖ה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = EXO.18.11 1 עַתָּ֣ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=EXO_18:11!1|MId=o020180110011|Strong=6258 2 יָדַ֔עְתִּי יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.know|Ref=EXO_18:11!2|MId=o020180110021|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:020180100021;A1:020180110041;|Type=qatal 3 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=EXO_18:11!3|MId=o020180110031|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 4 גָד֥וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].great|Ref=EXO_18:11!4|MId=o020180110041|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 5 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_18:11!5|MId=o020180110051|Strong=3068 6-7 מִכָּל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=EXO_18:11!6|MId=o020180110061|Strong=4480 7 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=than.all|Ref=EXO_18:11!6|MId=o020180110062|Strong=3605 8-9 הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_18:11!7|MId=o020180110071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=gods|Ref=EXO_18:11!7|MId=o020180110072|Strong=0430 10 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_18:11!8|MId=o020180110081|Strong=3588 11-13 בַדָּבָ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_18:11!9|MId=o020180110091|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_18:11!9|MId=o020180110091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 דָּבָ֔ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=matter|Ref=EXO_18:11!9|MId=o020180110092|Strong=1697 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EXO_18:11!10|MId=o020180110101|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 זָד֖וּ זִיד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.have.acted.presumptuously|Ref=EXO_18:11!11|MId=o020180110111|Strong=2102|Frame=A0:020180100181;|Type=qatal 16-17 עֲלֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_18:11!12|MId=o020180110121|Strong=5921 17 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_18:11!12|MId=o020180110122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=EXO_18:11!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָדַעְתִּי *I know* | qatal · qal | | גָדוֹל *\[is\] great* | | | | זָדוּ *they have acted presumptuously* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} כְּעַן יְדַעְנָא אֲרֵי רַב יְיָ וְלֵית אֱלָּהּ בַּר מִנֵהּ אֲרֵי בְּפִתְגָמָא דִי חַשִׁיבוּ מִצְרָאֵי לְמִדַן יָת יִשְׂרָאֵל בֵּהּ דָנִנוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods; yea, for that they dealt proudly against them.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.511/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:477`. - ← previous: [Exodus 18:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.10/) - next →: [Exodus 18:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.12/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/18/)