--- title: Exodus 18:20 — And thou shalt teach them the statutes and the laws, and shalt show… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And thou shalt teach them the statutes and the laws, and shalt show them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do. Who acts: thou, causes. Exodus 18:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/18/) / 18:20 # Exodus 18:20 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, causes · **What happens:** teach, show, walk, do · **To what, where:** statutes, causes, way, work This is Exodus 18:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, causes — and what happens in the verse to statutes, causes, way, work, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה אֶתְהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַחֻקִּ֖ים וְאֶת־הַתּוֹרֹ֑ת וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֗ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ יֵ֣לְכוּ בָ֔הּ וְאֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲשֽׂוּן׃ [And thou shalt teach them the statutes and the laws, and shalt show them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.520/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:486 # text = וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה אֶתְהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַחֻקִּ֖ים וְאֶת־הַתּוֹרֹ֑ת וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֗ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ יֵ֣לְכוּ בָ֔הּ וְאֶת־הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲשֽׂוּן׃ # verse = EXO.18.20 1-2 וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_18:20!1|MId=o020180200011|Strong=2050b 2 הִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה זָהַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.warn|Ref=EXO_18:20!1|MId=o020180200012|Strong=2094a|Frame=AA:020180170031;A0:020180200022;A1:020180200042;020180200062;|Type=weqatal 3-4 אֶתְהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_18:20!2|MId=o020180200021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 4 ְהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_18:20!2|MId=o020180200022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_18:20!3|MId=o020180200031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַחֻקִּ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_18:20!4|MId=o020180200041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 חֻקִּ֖ים חֹק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 xcomp _ Gloss=statutes|Ref=EXO_18:20!4|MId=o020180200042|Strong=2706 8-9 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_18:20!5|MId=o020180200051|Strong=2050b 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_18:20!5|MId=o020180200052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 10-11 הַתּוֹרֹ֑ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_18:20!6|MId=o020180200061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 תּוֹרֹ֑ת תּוֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=laws|Ref=EXO_18:20!6|MId=o020180200062|Strong=8451 12-13 וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_18:20!7|MId=o020180200071|Strong=2050b 13 הוֹדַעְתָּ֣ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.make.known|Ref=EXO_18:20!7|MId=o020180200072|Strong=3045|Frame=AA:020180170031;A0:020180200102;020180200142;|Type=weqatal 14-15 לָהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_18:20!8|MId=o020180200081|Strong=3807a 15 ָהֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_18:20!8|MId=o020180200082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_18:20!9|MId=o020180200091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_18:20!10|MId=o020180200101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=way|Ref=EXO_18:20!10|MId=o020180200102|Strong=1870 19 יֵ֣לְכוּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 18 acl _ Gloss=[which].they.will.walk|Ref=EXO_18:20!11|MId=o020180200111|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:020180190103;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 בָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_18:20!12|MId=o020180200121|Strong=0871a 21 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_18:20!12|MId=o020180200122|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 22-23 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_18:20!13|MId=o020180200131|Strong=2050b 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_18:20!13|MId=o020180200132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24-25 הַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_18:20!14|MId=o020180200141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 מַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=work|Ref=EXO_18:20!14|MId=o020180200142|Strong=4639 26 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EXO_18:20!15|MId=o020180200151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27-28 יַעֲשֽׂוּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 יַעֲשֽׂוּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=EXO_18:20!16|MId=o020180200161|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:020180190103;A1:020180200142;|Type=yiqtol 28 ן נ X _ _ 27 nmod _ Gloss=will.do|Ref=EXO_18:20!16|MId=o020180200162|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=EXO_18:20!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִזְהַרְתָּה *you will warn* | weqatal · hiphil | ְהֶם *them* | חֻקִּים *statutes* + תּוֹרֹת *laws* | | | | הוֹדַעְתָּ *you will make known* | weqatal · hiphil | דֶּרֶךְ *way* + מַּעֲשֶׂה *work* | | | | | יֵלְכוּ *\[which\] they will walk* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יַעֲשֽׂוּ *they* | yiqtol · qal | | מַּעֲשֶׂה *work* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְתַזְהַר יָתְהוֹן יָת קְיָמַיָא וְיָת אוֹרַיְתָא וּתְהוֹדַע לְהוֹן יָת אוֹרְחָא דִיְהָכוּן בַּהּ וְיָת עוֹבָדָא דִיַעְבְּדוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And thou shalt teach them the statutes and the laws, and shalt show them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.520/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:486`. - ← previous: [Exodus 18:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.19/) - next →: [Exodus 18:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.21/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/18/)