--- title: Exodus 2:23 — And it came to pass in the course of those many days that the king o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass in the course of those many days that the king of Egypt died; and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage. Who acts: name, king, children, shepherds. Exodus 2:23 in Hebrew with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.2.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/2/) / 2:23 # Exodus 2:23 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** name, king, children, shepherds, cry · **What happens:** come, pass, die, sigh, cry, come up · **To what, where:** course This is Exodus 2:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — name, king, children, shepherds, cry — and what happens in the verse to course, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הָֽרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיָּ֙מָת֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה׃ [And it came to pass in the course of those many days that the king of Egypt died; and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.50/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:44 # text = וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הָֽרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיָּ֙מָת֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה׃ # verse = EXO.2.23 1-2 וַיְהִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_2:23!1|MId=o020020230011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֩ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=EXO_2:23!1|MId=o020020230012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַיָּמִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_2:23!2|MId=o020020230021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_2:23!2|MId=o020020230021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 יָּמִ֨ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=EXO_2:23!2|MId=o020020230022|Strong=3117 6-7 הָֽרַבִּ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_2:23!3|MId=o020020230031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 רַבִּ֜ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=EXO_2:23!3|MId=o020020230032|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 8-9 הָהֵ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_2:23!4|MId=o020020230041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 הֵ֗ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=EXO_2:23!4|MId=o020020230042|Strong=1992|Type=personal 10-11 וַיָּ֙מָת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_2:23!5|MId=o020020230051|Strong=2050b 11 יָּ֙מָת֙ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.died|Ref=EXO_2:23!5|MId=o020020230052|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:020020230061;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EXO_2:23!6|MId=o020020230061|Strong=4428 13 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_2:23!7|MId=o020020230071|Strong=4714 14-15 וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_2:23!8|MId=o020020230081|Strong=2050b 15 יֵּאָנְח֧וּ אָנַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.groaned|Ref=EXO_2:23!8|MId=o020020230082|Strong=0584|Frame=A0:020020230091;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=EXO_2:23!9|MId=o020020230091|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 17 יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_2:23!10|MId=o020020230101|Strong=3478 18 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_2:23!11|MId=o020020230111|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_2:23!12|MId=o020020230121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 עֲבֹדָ֖ה עֲבֹדָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=labor|Ref=EXO_2:23!12|MId=o020020230122|Strong=5656 21-22 וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_2:23!13|MId=o020020230131|Strong=2050b 22 יִּזְעָ֑קוּ זָעַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=they.cried.out|Ref=EXO_2:23!13|MId=o020020230132|Strong=2199|Frame=A0:020020230091;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 וַתַּ֧עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_2:23!14|MId=o020020230141|Strong=2050b 24 תַּ֧עַל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.went.up|Ref=EXO_2:23!14|MId=o020020230142|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:020020230151;|Type=wayyiqtol 25-26 שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 שַׁוְעָת שַׁוְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=for.help|Ref=EXO_2:23!15|MId=o020020230151|Strong=7775 26 ָ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their.cry|Ref=EXO_2:23!15|MId=o020020230152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_2:23!16|MId=o020020230161|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_2:23!17|MId=o020020230171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_2:23!17|MId=o020020230172|Strong=0430 30 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_2:23!18|MId=o020020230181|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 הָעֲבֹדָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_2:23!19|MId=o020020230191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 עֲבֹדָֽה עֲבֹדָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=labor|Ref=EXO_2:23!19|MId=o020020230192|Strong=5656 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=EXO_2:23!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּמָת *he died* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | יֵּאָנְחוּ *they groaned* | wayyiqtol · niphal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | יִּזְעָקוּ *they cried out* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | תַּעַל *it went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | שַׁוְעָת *for help* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּיוֹמַיָא סַגִיאַיָא הָאִנוּן וּמִית מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם וְאִתְנָחוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִן פָּלְחָנָא דַהֲוָה קְשֵׁי עֲלֵיהוֹן וּזְעִיקוּ וּסְלֵיקָת קְבֶלְתְּהוֹן לָקֳדָם יְיָ מִן פָּלְחָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass in the course of those many days that the king of Egypt died; and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.50/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:44`. - ← previous: [Exodus 2:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.2.22/) - next →: [Exodus 2:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.2.24/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/2/)