--- title: Exodus 20:10 — but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; Who acts: seventh day, thou, stranger. Exodus 20:10 in Hebrew --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/20/) / 20:10 # Exodus 20:10 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** seventh day, thou, stranger · **What happens:** be, not do · **To what, where:** sabbath, manner This is Exodus 20:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — seventh day, thou, stranger — and what happens in the verse to sabbath, manner, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְי֙וֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜ישַׁבָּ֖֣ת ׀ לַיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑֗יךָלֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨הכָל־מְלָאכָ֡֜האַתָּ֣ה ׀ וּבִנְךָֽ֣־וּ֠בִתֶּ֗ךָעַבְדְּךָ֤֨וַאֲמָֽתְךָ֜֙וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ךָוְגֵרְךָ֖֙אֲשֶׁ֥֣רבִּשְׁעָרֶֽ֔יךָ [but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.563/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:528 # text = וְי֙וֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜ישַׁבָּ֖֣ת ׀ לַיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑֗יךָלֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨הכָל־מְלָאכָ֡֜האַתָּ֣ה ׀ וּבִנְךָֽ֣־וּ֠בִתֶּ֗ךָעַבְדְּךָ֤֨וַאֲמָֽתְךָ֜֙וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ךָוְגֵרְךָ֖֙אֲשֶׁ֥֣רבִּשְׁעָרֶֽ֔יךָ # verse = EXO.20.10 1-2 וְי֙וֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=EXO_20:10!1|MId=o020200100011|Strong=2050b 2 י֙וֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=day|Ref=EXO_20:10!1|MId=o020200100012|Strong=3117 3-5 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜ישַׁבָּ֖֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_20:10!2|MId=o020200100021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 שְּׁבִיעִ֔֜י שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=EXO_20:10!2|MId=o020200100022|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 5 שַׁבָּ֖֣ת שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].a.sabbath|Ref=EXO_20:10!3|MId=o020200100031|Strong=7676 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=EXO_20:10!3 7-8 לַיהוָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_20:10!4|MId=o020200100041|Strong=3807a 8 יהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_20:10!4|MId=o020200100042|Strong=3068 9-11 אֱלֹהֶ֑֗יךָלֹֽ֣א־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֱלֹהֶ֑֗י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_20:10!5|MId=o020200100051|Strong=0430 10 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:10!5|MId=o020200100052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11 לֹֽ֣א־ לֹא ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_20:10!6|MId=o020200100061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 12-13 תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨הכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=you.must.do|Ref=EXO_20:10!7|MId=o020200100071|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:020200100091;A0:020200100101;020200100112;020200100122;020200100131;020200100142;020200100152;020200100162;|Type=yiqtol 13 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=any|Ref=EXO_20:10!8|MId=o020200100081|Strong=3605 14-15 מְלָאכָ֡֜האַתָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מְלָאכָ֡֜ה מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=work|Ref=EXO_20:10!9|MId=o020200100091|Strong=4399 15 אַתָּ֣ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_20:10!10|MId=o020200100101|Strong=0859|Type=personal 16 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=EXO_20:10!10 17-19 וּבִנְךָֽ֣־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:10!11|MId=o020200100111|Strong=2050b 18 בִנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=son|Ref=EXO_20:10!11|MId=o020200100112|Strong=1121 19 ְךָֽ֣־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:10!11|MId=o020200100113|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 20-37 וּ֠בִתֶּ֗ךָעַבְדְּךָ֤֨וַאֲמָֽתְךָ֜֙וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ךָוְגֵרְךָ֖֙אֲשֶׁ֥֣רבִּשְׁעָרֶֽ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:10!12|MId=o020200100121|Strong=2050b 21 בִתּ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=daughter|Ref=EXO_20:10!12|MId=o020200100122|Strong=1323 22 ֶ֗ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:10!12|MId=o020200100123|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=EXO_20:10!13|MId=o020200100131|Strong=5650 24 ְךָ֤֨ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.[male]|Ref=EXO_20:10!13|MId=o020200100132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:10!14|MId=o020200100141|Strong=2050b 26 אֲמָֽת אָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=your.female|Ref=EXO_20:10!14|MId=o020200100142|Strong=0519 27 ְךָ֜֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=servant|Ref=EXO_20:10!14|MId=o020200100143|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:10!15|MId=o020200100151|Strong=2050b 29 בְהֶמְתּ בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=EXO_20:10!15|MId=o020200100152|Strong=0929 30 ֶ֔֗ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:10!15|MId=o020200100153|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:10!16|MId=o020200100161|Strong=2050b 32 גֵר גֵּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=sojourner|Ref=EXO_20:10!16|MId=o020200100162|Strong=1616 33 ְךָ֖֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:10!16|MId=o020200100163|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34 אֲשֶׁ֥֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 36 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=EXO_20:10!17|MId=o020200100171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 35 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=[is].in|Ref=EXO_20:10!18|MId=o020200100181|Strong=0871a 36 שְׁעָרֶֽ֔י שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 32 acl:relcl _ Gloss=gates|Ref=EXO_20:10!18|MId=o020200100182|Strong=8179 37 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:10!18|MId=o020200100183|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תַעֲשֶׂה *you must do* | yiqtol · qal | אַתָּה *you* + בִנ *son* + בִתּ *daughter* + עַבְדּ *servant* + אֲמָֽת *your female* + בְהֶמְתּ *livestock* + גֵר *sojourner* | מְלָאכָה *work* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְיוֹמָא שְׁבִיעָאָה שַׁבְּתָא קֳדָם יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ לָא תַעְבֵּד כָּל עִבִדְתָּא אַתְּ וּבְרָךְ וּבְרַתָּךְ עַבְדָךְ וְאַמְתָךְ וּבְעִירָךְ וְגִיוֹרָךְ דִי בְקִרְוָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.563/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:528`. - ← previous: [Exodus 20:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.9/) - next →: [Exodus 20:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.11/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/20/)