--- title: Exodus 20:25 — And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of he… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it. Who acts: thou. Exodus 20:25 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/20/) / 20:25 # Exodus 20:25 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** make, not build, hew, lift up, profane · **To what, where:** altar, Me, tool This is Exodus 20:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou — and what happens in the verse to altar, Me, tool, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאִם־מִזְבַּ֤ח אֲבָנִים֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֔י לֹֽא־תִבְנֶ֥ה אֶתְהֶ֖ן גָּזִ֑ית כִּ֧י חַרְבְּךָ֛ הֵנַ֥פְתָּ עָלֶ֖יהָ וַתְּחַֽלְלֶֽהָ׃ [And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.578/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:543 # text = וְאִם־מִזְבַּ֤ח אֲבָנִים֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֔י לֹֽא־תִבְנֶ֥ה אֶתְהֶ֖ן גָּזִ֑ית כִּ֧י חַרְבְּךָ֛ הֵנַ֥פְתָּ עָלֶ֖יהָ וַתְּחַֽלְלֶֽהָ׃ # verse = EXO.20.25 1-2 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:25!1|MId=o020200250011|Strong=2050b 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=EXO_20:25!1|MId=o020200250012|Strong=0518 3 מִזְבַּ֤ח מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=an.altar|Ref=EXO_20:25!2|MId=o020200250021|Strong=4196 4 אֲבָנִים֙ אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.stones|Ref=EXO_20:25!3|MId=o020200250031|Strong=0068 5 תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.make|Ref=EXO_20:25!4|MId=o020200250041|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:020200220081;A1:020200250021;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 לִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=EXO_20:25!5|MId=o020200250051|Strong=3807a 7 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=EXO_20:25!5|MId=o020200250052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_20:25!6|MId=o020200250061|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 9 תִבְנֶ֥ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=you.must.build|Ref=EXO_20:25!7|MId=o020200250071|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:020200220081;A1:020200250082;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 אֶתְהֶ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_20:25!8|MId=o020200250081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 11 ְהֶ֖ן הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_20:25!8|MId=o020200250082|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 12 גָּזִ֑ית גָּזִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=hewn.[stone]|Ref=EXO_20:25!9|MId=o020200250091|Strong=1496 13 כִּ֧י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_20:25!10|MId=o020200250101|Strong=3588 14-15 חַרְבְּךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 חַרְבּ חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=tool|Ref=EXO_20:25!11|MId=o020200250111|Strong=2719 15 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:25!11|MId=o020200250112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16 הֵנַ֥פְתָּ נוּף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=you.have.wielded|Ref=EXO_20:25!12|MId=o020200250121|Strong=5130|Frame=AA:020200220081;A0:020200250111;|Type=qatal 17-18 עָלֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 עָלֶ֖י עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_20:25!13|MId=o020200250131|Strong=5921 18 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_20:25!13|MId=o020200250132|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 19-21 וַתְּחַֽלְלֶֽהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:25!14|MId=o020200250141|Strong=2050b 20 תְּחַֽלְל חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 16 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_20:25!14|MId=o020200250142|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:020200220081;A1:020200250143;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 ֶֽהָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=have.profaned.it|Ref=EXO_20:25!14|MId=o020200250143|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=EXO_20:25!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־ *you will make* | yiqtol · qal | | מִזְבַּח *an altar* | | | | **not** תִבְנֶה *you must build* | yiqtol · qal | | ְהֶן *them* | | | | הֵנַפְתָּ *you have wielded* | qatal · hiphil | חַרְבּ *tool* | | | | | תְּחַֽלְל *you* | wayyiqtol · piel | | ֶֽהָ *have profaned it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And if thou make Me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stones; for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast profaned it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.578/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:543`. - ← previous: [Exodus 20:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.24/) - next →: [Exodus 20:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.26/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/20/)