--- title: Exodus 20:5 — thou shalt not bow down unto them, nor serve them; for I the LORD th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: thou shalt not bow down unto them, nor serve them; for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate Me; Who acts: thou, I. Exodus 20:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/20/) / 20:5 # Exodus 20:5 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, I · **What happens:** not bow down, serve, be, visit, hate · **To what, where:** earth, jealous God, iniquity, Me This is Exodus 20:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, I — and what happens in the verse to earth, jealous God, iniquity, Me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣הלָהֶ֖ם֮וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒כִּ֣י אָֽנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י [thou shalt not bow down unto them, nor serve them; for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate Me;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.558/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:523 # text = לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣הלָהֶ֖ם֮וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒כִּ֣י אָֽנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י # verse = EXO.20.5 1 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_20:5!1|MId=o020200050011|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 2-6 תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣הלָהֶ֖ם֮וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.must.bow.down|Ref=EXO_20:5!2|MId=o020200050021|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:020190250042;|Type=yiqtol 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_20:5!3|MId=o020200050031|Strong=3807a 4 ָהֶ֖ם֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_20:5!3|MId=o020200050032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:5!4|MId=o020200050041|Strong=2050b 6 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_20:5!4|MId=o020200050042|Strong=3808|Type=negative 7-9 תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒כִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 תָעָבְד עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_20:5!5|MId=o020200050051|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:020190250042;A1:020200050052;|Type=yiqtol 8 ֵ֑ם֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=must.be.enticed.to.serve.them|Ref=EXO_20:5!5|MId=o020200050052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_20:5!6|MId=o020200050061|Strong=3588 10 אָֽנֹכִ֞י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EXO_20:5!7|MId=o020200050071|Strong=0595|Type=personal 11 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_20:5!8|MId=o020200050081|Strong=3068 12-13 אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֱלֹהֶ֙י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_20:5!9|MId=o020200050091|Strong=0430 13 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_20:5!9|MId=o020200050092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14 אֵ֣ל אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[am].a.God|Ref=EXO_20:5!10|MId=o020200050101|Strong=0410 15 קַנָּ֔א קַנָּא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 amod _ Gloss=jealous|Ref=EXO_20:5!11|MId=o020200050111|Strong=7067|Type=adjective 16 פֹּ֠קֵד פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[who].visits|Ref=EXO_20:5!12|MId=o020200050121|Strong=6485|Frame=A0:020200050101;A1:020200050131;|Type=participle_active 17 עֲוֺ֨ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=[the].iniquity|Ref=EXO_20:5!13|MId=o020200050131|Strong=5771 18 אָבֹ֧ת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.fathers|Ref=EXO_20:5!14|MId=o020200050141|Strong=0001 19 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_20:5!15|MId=o020200050151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 20 בָּנִ֛ים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=children|Ref=EXO_20:5!16|MId=o020200050161|Strong=1121 21 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_20:5!17|MId=o020200050171|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 22 שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים שִׁלֵּשִׁים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=a.third.generation|Ref=EXO_20:5!18|MId=o020200050181|Strong=8029 23-24 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_20:5!19|MId=o020200050191|Strong=2050b 24 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_20:5!19|MId=o020200050192|Strong=5921 25 רִבֵּעִ֖ים רִבֵּעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=a.fourth.generation|Ref=EXO_20:5!20|MId=o020200050201|Strong=7256 26-28 לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_20:5!21|MId=o020200050211|Strong=3807a 27 שֹׂנְא שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 16 advcl _ Gloss=[those|Ref=EXO_20:5!21|MId=o020200050212|Strong=8130|Frame=A1:020200050213;|Type=participle_active 28 ָֽ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=who].hate.me|Ref=EXO_20:5!21|MId=o020200050213|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תִשְׁתַּחְוֶה *you must bow down* | yiqtol | | | | | | **not** תָעָבְד *you* | yiqtol · hophal | | ֵם *must be enticed to serve them* | | | | פֹּקֵד *\[who\] visits* | participle active · qal | אֵל *\[am\] a God* | עֲוֺן *\[the\] iniquity* | | | | שֹׂנְא *\[those* | participle active · qal | | ָֽי *who\] hate me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} לָא תִסְגֻד לְהוֹן וְלָא תִפְלְחִנוּן אֲרֵי אֲנָא יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ אֵל קַנָא מַסְעַר חוֹבֵי אֲבָהָן עַל בְּנִין מָרָדִין עַל דַר תְּלִיתַי וְעַל דַר רְבִיעַי לְשָׂנְאָי כַּד מְשַׁלְמִין בְּנַיָא לְמֶחֱטֵי בָּתַר אֲבָהָתְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [thou shalt not bow down unto them, nor serve them; for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate Me;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.558/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:523`. - ← previous: [Exodus 20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.4/) - next →: [Exodus 20:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.20.6/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/20/)