--- title: Exodus 23:22 — But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries. Who acts: thou, I. Exodus 23:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/23/) / 23:22 # Exodus 23:22 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, I · **What happens:** hearken, do, speak, be · **To what, where:** all, enemy · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 23:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, I — and what happens in the verse to all, enemy, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י אִם־שָׁמֹ֤עַ תִּשְׁמַע֙ בְּקֹל֔וֹ וְעָשִׂ֕יתָ כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וְאָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֹ֣יְבֶ֔יךָ וְצַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־צֹרְרֶֽיךָ׃ [But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.671/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:633 # text = כִּ֣י אִם־שָׁמֹ֤עַ תִּשְׁמַע֙ בְּקֹל֔וֹ וְעָשִׂ֕יתָ כֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲדַבֵּ֑ר וְאָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֹ֣יְבֶ֔יךָ וְצַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־צֹרְרֶֽיךָ׃ # verse = EXO.23.22 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_23:22!1|MId=o020230220011|Strong=3588 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 1 fixed _ Gloss=if|Ref=EXO_23:22!2|MId=o020230220021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 3 שָׁמֹ֤עַ שָׁמַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 obl:npmod _ Gloss=carefully.(listen)|Ref=EXO_23:22!3|MId=o020230220031|Strong=8085|Type=infinitive_absolute 4 תִּשְׁמַע֙ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.listen|Ref=EXO_23:22!4|MId=o020230220041|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:020200220081;|Type=yiqtol 5-7 בְּקֹל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_23:22!5|MId=o020230220051|Strong=0871a 6 קֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=voice|Ref=EXO_23:22!5|MId=o020230220052|Strong=6963 7 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=EXO_23:22!5|MId=o020230220053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְעָשִׂ֕יתָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_23:22!6|MId=o020230220061|Strong=2050b 9 עָשִׂ֕יתָ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.will.do|Ref=EXO_23:22!6|MId=o020230220062|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:020200220081;A1:020230220071;|Type=weqatal 10 כֹּ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_23:22!7|MId=o020230220071|Strong=3605 11 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EXO_23:22!8|MId=o020230220081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12 אֲדַבֵּ֑ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.will.say|Ref=EXO_23:22!9|MId=o020230220091|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:020230190061;A1:020230220071;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 וְאָֽיַבְתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_23:22!10|MId=o020230220101|Strong=2050b 14 אָֽיַבְתִּי֙ אָיַב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.be.an.enemy.to|Ref=EXO_23:22!10|MId=o020230220102|Strong=0340|Frame=A0:020230190061;A1:020230220121;|Type=weqatal 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_23:22!11|MId=o020230220111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 אֹ֣יְבֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֹ֣יְבֶ֔י אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=EXO_23:22!12|MId=o020230220121|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 17 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_23:22!12|MId=o020230220122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְצַרְתִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_23:22!13|MId=o020230220131|Strong=2050b 19 צַרְתִּ֖י צרר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 14 conj _ Gloss=I.will.treat.as.a.foe|Ref=EXO_23:22!13|MId=o020230220132|Strong=6696a|Frame=A0:020230190061;A1:020230220151;|Type=weqatal 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_23:22!14|MId=o020230220141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 צֹרְרֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 צֹרְרֶֽי צָרַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=foes|Ref=EXO_23:22!15|MId=o020230220151|Strong=6887a|Frame=A1:020230220152;|Type=participle_active 22 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_23:22!15|MId=o020230220152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=EXO_23:22!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּשְׁמַע *you will listen* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | עָשִׂיתָ *you will do* | weqatal · qal | | כֹּל *all* | | | | אֲדַבֵּר *I will say* | yiqtol · piel | | כֹּל *all* | | | | אָֽיַבְתִּי *I will be an enemy to* | weqatal · qal | | אֹיְבֶי *enemies* | | | | צַרְתִּי *I will treat as a foe* | weqatal · qal | | צֹרְרֶֽי *foes* | | | | צֹרְרֶֽי *foes* | participle active · qal | | ךָ *your* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אֲרֵי אִם קַבָּלָא תְקַבֵּל לְמֵימְרֵהּ וְתַעְבֵּד כֹּל דִאֱמַלֵל וְאֶסְנֵי יָת סָנְאָךְ וְאָעִיק לְדִמְעִיקִין לָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.671/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:633`. - ← previous: [Exodus 23:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.21/) - next →: [Exodus 23:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.23/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/23/)