--- title: Exodus 23:5 — If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, thou shalt forbear to pass by him; thou shalt surely release it with him. Who acts: thou, ass. Exodus 23:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/23/) / 23:5 # Exodus 23:5 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, ass · **What happens:** see, hate, lie, forbear, pass, release · **To what, where:** ass, thee, burden This is Exodus 23:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, ass — and what happens in the verse to ass, thee, burden, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־תִרְאֶ֞ה חֲמ֣וֹר שֹׂנַאֲךָ֗ רֹבֵץ֙ תַּ֣חַת מַשָּׂא֔וֹ וְחָדַלְתָּ֖ מֵעֲזֹ֣ב ל֑וֹ עָזֹ֥ב תַּעֲזֹ֖ב עִמּֽוֹ׃ס [If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, thou shalt forbear to pass by him; thou shalt surely release it with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.652/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:616 # text = כִּֽי־תִרְאֶ֞ה חֲמ֣וֹר שֹׂנַאֲךָ֗ רֹבֵץ֙ תַּ֣חַת מַשָּׂא֔וֹ וְחָדַלְתָּ֖ מֵעֲזֹ֣ב ל֑וֹ עָזֹ֥ב תַּעֲזֹ֖ב עִמּֽוֹ׃ס # verse = EXO.23.5 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_23:5!1|MId=o020230050011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 תִרְאֶ֞ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.see|Ref=EXO_23:5!2|MId=o020230050021|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:020200220081;A1:020230050051;|Type=yiqtol 3 חֲמ֣וֹר חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=the.donkey|Ref=EXO_23:5!3|MId=o020230050031|Strong=2543 4-5 שֹׂנַאֲךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 שֹׂנַא שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_23:5!4|MId=o020230050041|Strong=8130|Frame=A1:020230050042;|Type=participle_active 5 ֲךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[one.who].hates.you|Ref=EXO_23:5!4|MId=o020230050042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6 רֹבֵץ֙ רָבַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=lying.down|Ref=EXO_23:5!5|MId=o020230050051|Strong=7257|Frame=A0:020230050031;|Type=participle_active 7 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=EXO_23:5!6|MId=o020230050061|Strong=8478 8-9 מַשָּׂא֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מַשָּׂא מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=load|Ref=EXO_23:5!7|MId=o020230050071|Strong=4853 9 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=EXO_23:5!7|MId=o020230050072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְחָדַלְתָּ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_23:5!8|MId=o020230050081|Strong=2050b 11 חָדַלְתָּ֖ חָדַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.refrain|Ref=EXO_23:5!8|MId=o020230050082|Strong=2308|Frame=A0:020200220081;|Type=qatal 12-13 מֵעֲזֹ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_23:5!9|MId=o020230050091|Strong=4480 13 עֲזֹ֣ב עָזַב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 xcomp _ Gloss=leaving|Ref=EXO_23:5!9|MId=o020230050092|Strong=5800a|Frame=A0:020200220081;|Type=infinitive_construct 14-15 ל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EXO_23:5!10|MId=o020230050101|Strong=3807a 15 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_23:5!10|MId=o020230050102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 עָזֹ֥ב עָזַב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 obl:npmod _ Gloss=certainly.(rearrange)|Ref=EXO_23:5!11|MId=o020230050111|Strong=5800a|Type=infinitive_absolute 17 תַּעֲזֹ֖ב עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.rearrange.[it]|Ref=EXO_23:5!12|MId=o020230050121|Strong=5800a|Frame=A0:020200220081;|Type=yiqtol 18-19 עִמּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_23:5!13|MId=o020230050131|Strong=5973 19 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EXO_23:5!13|MId=o020230050132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=EXO_23:5!13|SpaceAfter=No 21 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=EXO_23:5!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִרְאֶה *you will see* | yiqtol · qal | | רֹבֵץ *lying down* | | | | שֹׂנַא *of* | participle active · qal | | ֲךָ *\[one who\] hates you* | | | | רֹבֵץ *lying down* | participle active · qal | חֲמוֹר *the donkey* | | | | | חָדַלְתָּ *you will refrain* | qatal · qal | | | | | | עֲזֹב *leaving* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | תַּעֲזֹב *you will rearrange \[it\]* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אֲרֵי תֶחֱזֵי חֲמָרָא דְסָנְאָךְ רְבִיעַ תְּחוֹת טוֹעֲנֵיהּ וְתִתִּמְנַע מִלְמִשְׁבַּק לֵהּ מִשְׁבַּק תִּשְׁבּוֹק מָא דִבְלִבָּךְ עֲלוֹהִי וּתְפָרֵק עִמֵהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, thou shalt forbear to pass by him; thou shalt surely release it with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.652/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:616`. - ← previous: [Exodus 23:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.4/) - next →: [Exodus 23:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.6/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/23/)