--- title: Exodus 3:18 — And they shall hearken to thy voice. And thou shalt come, thou and t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they shall hearken to thy voice. And thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him: The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, hath met with us. And now let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/3/) / 3:18 # Exodus 3:18 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** milk, thou, ye, LORD, you, us · **What happens:** hearken, come, say, meet, let, go · **To what, where:** us, journey, thee, LORD, wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 3:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — milk, thou, ye, LORD, you, us — and what happens in the verse to us, journey, thee, LORD, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְשָׁמְע֖וּ לְקֹלֶ֑ךָ וּבָאתָ֡ אַתָּה֩ וְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֗יִם וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֵלָיו֙ יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י הָֽעִבְרִיִּים֙ נִקְרָ֣ה עָלֵ֔ינוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה נֵֽלֲכָה־נָּ֞א דֶּ֣רֶךְ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת יָמִים֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְנִזְבְּחָ֖ה לַֽיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ [And they shall hearken to thy voice.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.70/) [And thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him: The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, hath met with us.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.71/) [And now let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.72/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:64 # text = וְשָׁמְע֖וּ לְקֹלֶ֑ךָ וּבָאתָ֡ אַתָּה֩ וְזִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֗יִם וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם אֵלָיו֙ יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י הָֽעִבְרִיִּים֙ נִקְרָ֣ה עָלֵ֔ינוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה נֵֽלֲכָה־נָּ֞א דֶּ֣רֶךְ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת יָמִים֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְנִזְבְּחָ֖ה לַֽיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ # verse = EXO.3.18 1-2 וְשָׁמְע֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_3:18!1|MId=o020030180011|Strong=2050b 2 שָׁמְע֖וּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.listen|Ref=EXO_3:18!1|MId=o020030180012|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:020030160041;|Type=weqatal 3-5 לְקֹלֶ֑ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_3:18!2|MId=o020030180021|Strong=3807a 4 קֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=voice|Ref=EXO_3:18!2|MId=o020030180022|Strong=6963 5 ֶ֑ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_3:18!2|MId=o020030180023|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6-7 וּבָאתָ֡ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_3:18!3|MId=o020030180031|Strong=2050b 7 בָאתָ֡ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=EXO_3:18!3|MId=o020030180032|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020030180041;020030180052;|Type=weqatal 8 אַתָּה֩ אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_3:18!4|MId=o020030180041|Strong=0859|Type=personal 9-10 וְזִקְנֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_3:18!5|MId=o020030180051|Strong=2050b 10 זִקְנֵ֨י זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=the.elders|Ref=EXO_3:18!5|MId=o020030180052|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 11 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_3:18!6|MId=o020030180061|Strong=3478 12 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_3:18!7|MId=o020030180071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 13 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=EXO_3:18!8|MId=o020030180081|Strong=4428 14 מִצְרַ֗יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_3:18!9|MId=o020030180091|Strong=4714 15-16 וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_3:18!10|MId=o020030180101|Strong=2050b 16 אֲמַרְתֶּ֤ם אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=EXO_3:18!10|MId=o020030180102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020030150051;020030180052;|Type=weqatal 17-18 אֵלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֵלָי אֶל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_3:18!11|MId=o020030180111|Strong=0413 18 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=EXO_3:18!11|MId=o020030180112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 יְהוָ֞ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_3:18!12|MId=o020030180121|Strong=3068 20 אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=EXO_3:18!13|MId=o020030180131|Strong=0430 21-22 הָֽעִבְרִיִּים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_3:18!14|MId=o020030180141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 עִבְרִיִּים֙ עִבְרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Hebrews|Ref=EXO_3:18!14|MId=o020030180142|Strong=5680|Type=gentilic 23 נִקְרָ֣ה קָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 ccomp _ Gloss=he.has.met|Ref=EXO_3:18!15|MId=o020030180151|Strong=7136|Frame=A0:020030180121;|Type=qatal 24-25 עָלֵ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 עָלֵ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_3:18!16|MId=o020030180161|Strong=5921 25 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=EXO_3:18!16|MId=o020030180162|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 26-27 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_3:18!17|MId=o020030180171|Strong=2050b 27 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=EXO_3:18!17|MId=o020030180172|Strong=6258 28 נֵֽלֲכָה־ הלך VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 23 parataxis _ Gloss=let.us.go|Ref=EXO_3:18!18|MId=o020030180181|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:020030150051;020030180052;020030180061;|Type=cohortative|SpaceAfter=No 29 נָּ֞א נָא INTJ _ _ 28 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=EXO_3:18!19|MId=o020030180191|Strong=4994|Type=interjection 30 דֶּ֣רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=a.journey|Ref=EXO_3:18!20|MId=o020030180201|Strong=1870 31 שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 nummod _ Gloss=of.three|Ref=EXO_3:18!21|MId=o020030180211|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 32 יָמִים֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=days|Ref=EXO_3:18!22|MId=o020030180221|Strong=3117 33-35 בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_3:18!23|MId=o020030180231|Strong=0871a 34 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_3:18!23|MId=o020030180231ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 מִּדְבָּ֔ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=EXO_3:18!23|MId=o020030180232|Strong=4057 36-37 וְנִזְבְּחָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=EXO_3:18!24|MId=o020030180241|Strong=2050b 37 נִזְבְּחָ֖ה זָבַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 23 conj _ Gloss=that.we.may.sacrifice|Ref=EXO_3:18!24|MId=o020030180242|Strong=2076|Frame=A0:020030150051;020030180052;020030180061;|Type=cohortative 38-39 לַֽיהוָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_3:18!25|MId=o020030180251|Strong=3807a 39 יהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 37 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_3:18!25|MId=o020030180252|Strong=3068 40-41 אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אֱלֹהֵֽי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 39 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=EXO_3:18!26|MId=o020030180261|Strong=0430 41 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=EXO_3:18!26|MId=o020030180262|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=EXO_3:18!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שָׁמְעוּ *they will listen* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | בָאתָ *you will go* | weqatal · qal | אַתָּה *you* + זִקְנֵי *the elders* | | | | | אֲמַרְתֶּם *you will say* | weqatal · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* | | | | | נִקְרָה *he has met* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | נֵֽלֲכָה־ *let us go* | cohortative · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* + יִשְׂרָאֵל *of Israel* | | | | | נִזְבְּחָה *that we may sacrifice* | cohortative · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* + יִשְׂרָאֵל *of Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וִיקַבְּלוּן לְמֵימְרָךְ וְתֵיתֵי אַתְּ וְסָבֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְוָת מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם וְתֵימְרוּן לֵהּ יְיָ אֱלָהָא דִיהוּדָאֵי אִתְקְרֵי עֲלָנָא וּכְעַן נֵזֵיל כְּעַן מַהֲלַךְ תְּלָתָא יוֹמִין בְּמַדְבְּרָא וּנְדַבַּח קֳדָם יְיָ אֱלָהָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they shall hearken to thy voice.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.70/) 2. [And thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him: The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, hath met with us.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.71/) 3. [And now let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.72/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:64`. - ← previous: [Exodus 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.17/) - next →: [Exodus 3:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.19/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/3/)