--- title: Exodus 32:12 — Wherefore should the Egyptians speak, saying: For evil did He bring… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore should the Egyptians speak, saying: For evil did He bring them forth, to slay them in the mountains, and to consume them from the face of the earth? Turn from Thy fierce wrath, and repent of this evil against Thy people. Who acts: Egyptians, wrath, you. Exodus 32:12 in Hebrew with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.32.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/32/) / 32:12 # Exodus 32:12 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** Egyptians, wrath, you · **What happens:** speak, say, bring, slay, consume, turn · **To what, where:** Egyptians, mountains, face, fierce wrath · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 32:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Egyptians, wrath, you — and what happens in the verse to Egyptians, mountains, face, fierce wrath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָמָּה֩ יֹאמְר֨וּ מִצְרַ֜יִם לֵאמֹ֗ר בְּרָעָ֤ה הֽוֹצִיאָם֙ לַהֲרֹ֤ג אֹתָם֙ בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וּ֨לְכַלֹּתָ֔ם מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י הָֽאֲדָמָ֑ה שׁ֚וּב מֵחֲר֣וֹן אַפֶּ֔ךָ וְהִנָּחֵ֥ם עַל־הָרָעָ֖ה לְעַמֶּֽךָ׃ [Wherefore should the Egyptians speak, saying: For evil did He bring them forth, to slay them in the mountains, and to consume them from the face of the earth?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.956/) [Turn from Thy fierce wrath, and repent of this evil against Thy people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.957/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:917 # text = לָמָּה֩ יֹאמְר֨וּ מִצְרַ֜יִם לֵאמֹ֗ר בְּרָעָ֤ה הֽוֹצִיאָם֙ לַהֲרֹ֤ג אֹתָם֙ בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וּ֨לְכַלֹּתָ֔ם מֵעַ֖ל פְּנֵ֣י הָֽאֲדָמָ֑ה שׁ֚וּב מֵחֲר֣וֹן אַפֶּ֔ךָ וְהִנָּחֵ֥ם עַל־הָרָעָ֖ה לְעַמֶּֽךָ׃ # verse = EXO.32.12 1-2 לָמָּה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_32:12!1|MId=o020320120011|Strong=3807a 2 מָּה֩ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 3 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=EXO_32:12!1|MId=o020320120012|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 3 יֹאמְר֨וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=will.they.say|Ref=EXO_32:12!2|MId=o020320120021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020320120031;|Type=yiqtol 4 מִצְרַ֜יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=EXO_32:12!3|MId=o020320120031|Strong=4714 5-6 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 9 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=EXO_32:12!4|MId=o020320120041|Strong=3807a 6 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_32:12!4|MId=o020320120042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020320120031;|Type=infinitive_construct 7-8 בְּרָעָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_32:12!5|MId=o020320120051|Strong=0871a 8 רָעָ֤ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=evil|Ref=EXO_32:12!5|MId=o020320120052|Strong=7451b 9-10 הֽוֹצִיאָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הֽוֹצִיא יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 ccomp _ Gloss=he|Ref=EXO_32:12!6|MId=o020320120061|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:020320110091;A0:020320120062;|Type=qatal 10 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=brought.them.out|Ref=EXO_32:12!6|MId=o020320120062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 11-12 לַהֲרֹ֤ג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_32:12!7|MId=o020320120071|Strong=3807a 12 הֲרֹ֤ג הָרַג VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 advcl _ Gloss=kill|Ref=EXO_32:12!7|MId=o020320120072|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:020320110091;A1:020320120082;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-14 אֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=|Ref=EXO_32:12!8|MId=o020320120081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 14 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_32:12!8|MId=o020320120082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15-17 בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בֶּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_32:12!9|MId=o020320120091|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_32:12!9|MId=o020320120091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 הָרִ֔ים הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=mountains|Ref=EXO_32:12!9|MId=o020320120092|Strong=2022 18-21 וּ֨לְכַלֹּתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ֨ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_32:12!10|MId=o020320120101|Strong=2050b 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_32:12!10|MId=o020320120102|Strong=3807a 20 כַלֹּת כָּלָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 12 conj _ Gloss=make|Ref=EXO_32:12!10|MId=o020320120103|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:020320110091;A1:020320120104;|Type=infinitive_construct 21 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=an.end.of.them|Ref=EXO_32:12!10|MId=o020320120104|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22-23 מֵעַ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_32:12!11|MId=o020320120111|Strong=4480 23 עַ֖ל עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_32:12!11|MId=o020320120112|Strong=5921 24 פְּנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=the.surface|Ref=EXO_32:12!12|MId=o020320120121|Strong=6440 25-26 הָֽאֲדָמָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_32:12!13|MId=o020320120131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 אֲדָמָ֑ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ground|Ref=EXO_32:12!13|MId=o020320120132|Strong=0127 27 שׁ֚וּב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 parataxis _ Gloss=turn|Ref=EXO_32:12!14|MId=o020320120141|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:020320110091;|Type=imperative 28-29 מֵחֲר֣וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_32:12!15|MId=o020320120151|Strong=4480 29 חֲר֣וֹן חָרוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.burning|Ref=EXO_32:12!15|MId=o020320120152|Strong=2740 30-31 אַפֶּ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אַפּ אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.anger|Ref=EXO_32:12!16|MId=o020320120161|Strong=0639 31 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_32:12!16|MId=o020320120162|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 32-33 וְהִנָּחֵ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_32:12!17|MId=o020320120171|Strong=2050b 33 הִנָּחֵ֥ם נָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 conj _ Gloss=relent|Ref=EXO_32:12!17|MId=o020320120172|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:020320110091;|Type=imperative 34 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_32:12!18|MId=o020320120181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 הָרָעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_32:12!19|MId=o020320120191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 רָעָ֖ה רָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=harm|Ref=EXO_32:12!19|MId=o020320120192|Strong=7451b 37-39 לְעַמֶּֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_32:12!20|MId=o020320120201|Strong=3807a 38 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_32:12!20|MId=o020320120202|Strong=5971 39 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_32:12!20|MId=o020320120203|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=EXO_32:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹאמְרוּ *will they say* | yiqtol · qal | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | | הֽוֹצִיא *he* | qatal · hiphil | ָם *brought them out* | | | | | הֲרֹג *kill* | infinitive construct · qal | | ָם *them* | | | | כַלֹּת *make* | infinitive construct · piel | | ָם *an end of them* | | | | שׁוּב *turn* | imperative · qal | | | | | | הִנָּחֵם *relent* | imperative · niphal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} לְמָא יֵימְרוּן מִצְרָאֵי לְמֵימַר בְּבִישְׁתָּא אַפֶּקְתִּנוּן לְקַטָלָא יָתְהוֹן בֵינֵי טוּרַיָא וּלְשֵׁיצָיוּתְהוֹן מֵעַל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא תּוּב מִתְּקוֹף רוּגְזָךְ וְאָתֵיב מִן בִּשָׁתָא דְמַלֶלְתָּא לְמֶעְבַּד לְעַמָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Wherefore should the Egyptians speak, saying: For evil did He bring them forth, to slay them in the mountains, and to consume them from the face of the earth?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.956/) 2. [Turn from Thy fierce wrath, and repent of this evil against Thy people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.957/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:917`. - ← previous: [Exodus 32:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.32.11/) - next →: [Exodus 32:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.32.13/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/32/)