--- title: Exodus 34:20 — And the firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck. All the first-born of thy sons thou shalt redeem. And none shall appear before Me empty. Who acts: thou, none. Exodus 34:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.34.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/34/) / 34:20 # Exodus 34:20 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, none · **What happens:** redeem, not redeem, break, appear · **To what, where:** firstling, lamb, neck, first born This is Exodus 34:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, none — and what happens in the verse to firstling, lamb, neck, first born, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּפֶ֤טֶר חֲמוֹר֙ תִּפְדֶּ֣ה בְשֶׂ֔ה וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ כֹּ֣ל בְּכ֤וֹר בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ תִּפְדֶּ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יֵרָא֥וּ פָנַ֖י רֵיקָֽם׃ [And the firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.1027/) [All the first-born of thy sons thou shalt redeem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.1028/) [And none shall appear before Me empty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.1029/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:983 # text = וּפֶ֤טֶר חֲמוֹר֙ תִּפְדֶּ֣ה בְשֶׂ֔ה וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ כֹּ֣ל בְּכ֤וֹר בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ תִּפְדֶּ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יֵרָא֥וּ פָנַ֖י רֵיקָֽם׃ # verse = EXO.34.20 1-2 וּפֶ֤טֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=EXO_34:20!1|MId=o020340200011|Strong=2050b 2 פֶ֤טֶר פֶּטֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=firstborn|Ref=EXO_34:20!1|MId=o020340200012|Strong=6363 3 חֲמוֹר֙ חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.donkey|Ref=EXO_34:20!2|MId=o020340200021|Strong=2543 4 תִּפְדֶּ֣ה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.redeem|Ref=EXO_34:20!3|MId=o020340200031|Strong=6299|Frame=A0:020340080021;020340100081;A1:020340200012;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 בְשֶׂ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=EXO_34:20!4|MId=o020340200041|Strong=0871a 6 שֶׂ֔ה שֶׂה NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=a.sheep|Ref=EXO_34:20!4|MId=o020340200042|Strong=7716 7-8 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_34:20!5|MId=o020340200051|Strong=2050b 8 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=EXO_34:20!5|MId=o020340200052|Strong=0518 9 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_34:20!6|MId=o020340200061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 10 תִפְדֶּ֖ה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.redeem.[it]|Ref=EXO_34:20!7|MId=o020340200071|Strong=6299|Frame=A0:020340080021;020340100081;A1:020340200012;|Type=yiqtol 11-13 וַעֲרַפְתּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_34:20!8|MId=o020340200081|Strong=2050b 12 עֲרַפְתּ עָרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_34:20!8|MId=o020340200082|Strong=6202|Frame=A0:020340080021;020340100081;A1:020340200083;|Type=weqatal 13 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=will.break.its.neck|Ref=EXO_34:20!8|MId=o020340200083|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 כֹּ֣ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_34:20!9|MId=o020340200091|Strong=3605 15 בְּכ֤וֹר בְּכֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.firstborn|Ref=EXO_34:20!10|MId=o020340200101|Strong=1060 16-17 בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בָּנֶ֙י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.sons|Ref=EXO_34:20!11|MId=o020340200111|Strong=1121 17 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_34:20!11|MId=o020340200112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 תִּפְדֶּ֔ה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.redeem|Ref=EXO_34:20!12|MId=o020340200121|Strong=6299|Frame=A0:020340080021;020340100081;A1:020340200101;|Type=yiqtol 19-20 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_34:20!13|MId=o020340200131|Strong=2050b 20 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_34:20!13|MId=o020340200132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 יֵרָא֥וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=people.will.present.themselves|Ref=EXO_34:20!14|MId=o020340200141|Strong=7200|Type=yiqtol 22-23 פָנַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=presence|Ref=EXO_34:20!15|MId=o020340200151|Strong=6440 23 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EXO_34:20!15|MId=o020340200152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 24 רֵיקָֽם רֵיקָם ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=empty|Ref=EXO_34:20!16|MId=o020340200161|Strong=7387|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EXO_34:20!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּפְדֶּה *you will redeem* | yiqtol · qal | | פֶטֶר *firstborn* | | | | **not** תִפְדֶּה *you will redeem \[it\]* | yiqtol · qal | | פֶטֶר *firstborn* | | | | עֲרַפְתּ *you* | weqatal · qal | | וֹ *will break its neck* | | | | תִּפְדֶּה *you will redeem* | yiqtol · qal | | בְּכוֹר *the firstborn* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּבוּכְרָא דַחֲמָרָא תִּפְרוֹק בְּאִימְרָא וְאִם לָא תִפְרוֹק וְתַנְקְפֵהּ כָּל בּוּכְרָא דִבְנָיךְ תִּפְרוֹק וְלָא יִתְחֲזוּן קֳדָמַי רֵיקָנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the firstling of an ass thou shalt redeem with a lamb; and if thou wilt not redeem it, then thou shalt break its neck.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.1027/) 2. [All the first-born of thy sons thou shalt redeem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.1028/) 3. [And none shall appear before Me empty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.1029/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:983`. - ← previous: [Exodus 34:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.34.19/) - next →: [Exodus 34:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.34.21/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/34/)