--- title: Exodus 4:8 — And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither he… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice of the latter sign. Who acts: fathers. Exodus 4:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.4.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/4/) / 4:8 # Exodus 4:8 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** fathers · **What happens:** come, pass, not believe, hearken, believe · **To what, where:** hand, thee, voice This is Exodus 4:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fathers — and what happens in the verse to hand, thee, voice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָה֙ אִם־לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ לָ֔ךְ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׁמְע֔וּ לְקֹ֖ל הָאֹ֣ת הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן וְהֶֽאֱמִ֔ינוּ לְקֹ֖ל הָאֹ֥ת הָאַחֲרֽוֹן׃ [And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice of the latter sign.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.86/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:76 # text = וְהָיָה֙ אִם־לֹ֣א יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ לָ֔ךְ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׁמְע֔וּ לְקֹ֖ל הָאֹ֣ת הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן וְהֶֽאֱמִ֔ינוּ לְקֹ֖ל הָאֹ֥ת הָאַחֲרֽוֹן׃ # verse = EXO.4.8 1-2 וְהָיָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_4:8!1|MId=o020040080011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָה֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=EXO_4:8!1|MId=o020040080012|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 3 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=EXO_4:8!2|MId=o020040080021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 4 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_4:8!3|MId=o020040080031|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ אָמַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 18 advcl _ Gloss=they.will.believe|Ref=EXO_4:8!4|MId=o020040080041|Strong=0539|Frame=A0:020030210042;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 לָ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ל לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=EXO_4:8!5|MId=o020040080051|Strong=3807a 7 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_4:8!5|MId=o020040080052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_4:8!6|MId=o020040080061|Strong=2050b 9 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_4:8!6|MId=o020040080062|Strong=3808|Type=negative 10 יִשְׁמְע֔וּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.will.listen|Ref=EXO_4:8!7|MId=o020040080071|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:020030210042;|Type=yiqtol 11-12 לְקֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_4:8!8|MId=o020040080081|Strong=3807a 12 קֹ֖ל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=EXO_4:8!8|MId=o020040080082|Strong=6963 13-14 הָאֹ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_4:8!9|MId=o020040080091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 אֹ֣ת אוֹת NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sign|Ref=EXO_4:8!9|MId=o020040080092|Strong=0226 15-16 הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_4:8!10|MId=o020040080101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 רִאשׁ֑וֹן רִאשׁוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 amod _ Gloss=former|Ref=EXO_4:8!10|MId=o020040080102|Strong=7223|Type=ordinal_number 17-18 וְהֶֽאֱמִ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_4:8!11|MId=o020040080111|Strong=2050b 18 הֶֽאֱמִ֔ינוּ אָמַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.believe|Ref=EXO_4:8!11|MId=o020040080112|Strong=0539|Frame=A0:020030210042;|Type=weqatal 19-20 לְקֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(to).the|Ref=EXO_4:8!12|MId=o020040080121|Strong=3807a 20 קֹ֖ל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=voice|Ref=EXO_4:8!12|MId=o020040080122|Strong=6963 21-22 הָאֹ֥ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=EXO_4:8!13|MId=o020040080131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 אֹ֥ת אוֹת NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sign|Ref=EXO_4:8!13|MId=o020040080132|Strong=0226 23-24 הָאַחֲרֽוֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_4:8!14|MId=o020040080141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 אַחֲרֽוֹן אַחֲרוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 amod _ Gloss=latter|Ref=EXO_4:8!14|MId=o020040080142|Strong=0314|Type=adjective 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EXO_4:8!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יַאֲמִינוּ *they will believe* | yiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | **not** יִשְׁמְעוּ *they will listen* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | הֶֽאֱמִינוּ *they will believe* | weqatal · hiphil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וִיהֵי אִם לָא יְהֵמְנוּן לָךְ וְלָא יְקַבְּלוּן לְקַל אָתָא קַדְמָאָה וִיהֵמְנוּן לְקַל אָתָא בַתְרָאָה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the voice of the latter sign.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.86/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:76`. - ← previous: [Exodus 4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.4.7/) - next →: [Exodus 4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.4.9/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/4/)