--- title: Exodus 5:1 — And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus sai… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.' Who acts: Moses, LORD, people. Exodus 5:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/5/) / 5:1 # Exodus 5:1 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** Moses, LORD, people · **What happens:** come, say, let, go, hold · **To what, where:** people, feast, wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 5:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, LORD, people — and what happens in the verse to people, feast, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַחַ֗ר בָּ֚אוּ מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שַׁלַּח֙ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י וְיָחֹ֥גּוּ לִ֖י בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ [And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.114/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:100 # text = וְאַחַ֗ר בָּ֚אוּ מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שַׁלַּח֙ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י וְיָחֹ֥גּוּ לִ֖י בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ # verse = EXO.5.1 1-2 וְאַחַ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_5:1!1|MId=o020050010011|Strong=2050b 2 אַחַ֗ר אַחַר ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=after|Ref=EXO_5:1!1|MId=o020050010012|Strong=0310 3 בָּ֚אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=EXO_5:1!2|MId=o020050010021|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020050010031;020050010042;|Type=qatal 4 מֹשֶׁ֣ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=EXO_5:1!3|MId=o020050010031|Strong=4872 5-6 וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_5:1!4|MId=o020050010041|Strong=2050b 6 אַהֲרֹ֔ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 4 conj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=EXO_5:1!4|MId=o020050010042|Strong=0175 7-8 וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_5:1!5|MId=o020050010051|Strong=2050b 8 יֹּאמְר֖וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=EXO_5:1!5|MId=o020050010052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020050010031;020050010042;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_5:1!6|MId=o020050010061|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 10 פַּרְעֹ֑ה פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_5:1!7|MId=o020050010071|Strong=6547 11 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=EXO_5:1!8|MId=o020050010081|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 12 אָמַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=EXO_5:1!9|MId=o020050010091|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:020050010101;|Type=qatal 13 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=EXO_5:1!10|MId=o020050010101|Strong=3068 14 אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=EXO_5:1!11|MId=o020050010111|Strong=0430 15 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=EXO_5:1!12|MId=o020050010121|Strong=3478 16 שַׁלַּח֙ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 ccomp _ Gloss=let.go|Ref=EXO_5:1!13|MId=o020050010131|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:020050010071;A1:020050010151;|Type=imperative 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_5:1!14|MId=o020050010141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 עַמִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_5:1!15|MId=o020050010151|Strong=5971 19 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EXO_5:1!15|MId=o020050010152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְיָחֹ֥גּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=EXO_5:1!16|MId=o020050010161|Strong=2050b 21 יָחֹ֥גּוּ חָגַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=that.they.may.celebrate.a.festival|Ref=EXO_5:1!16|MId=o020050010162|Strong=2287|Frame=A0:020050010151;|Type=yiqtol 22-23 לִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_5:1!17|MId=o020050010171|Strong=3807a 23 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=EXO_5:1!17|MId=o020050010172|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 24-26 בַּמִּדְבָּֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_5:1!18|MId=o020050010181|Strong=0871a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_5:1!18|MId=o020050010181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מִּדְבָּֽר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=EXO_5:1!18|MId=o020050010182|Strong=4057 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=EXO_5:1!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּאוּ *they went* | qatal · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | שַׁלַּח *let go* | imperative · piel | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | עַמּ *people* | | | | יָחֹגּוּ *that they may celebrate a festival* | yiqtol · qal | עַמּ *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּבָתַר כֵּן עַלוּ משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן וַאֲמָרוּ לְפַרְעֹה כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל שַׁלַח יָת עַמִי וִיחַגוּן קֳדָמַי בְּמַדְבְּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.114/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:100`. - ← previous: [Exodus 4:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.4.31/) - next →: [Exodus 5:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.2/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/5/)