--- title: Exodus 5:23 — For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Thy name, he hath dealt ill… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Thy name, he hath dealt ill with this people; neither hast Thou delivered Thy people at all.' Who acts: I, Pharaoh, Thou, Thy. Exodus 5:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/5/) / 5:23 # Exodus 5:23 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** I, Pharaoh, Thou, Thy · **What happens:** come, speak, deal, deliver, name · **To what, where:** Pharaoh, name, people, all · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Exodus 5:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Pharaoh, Thou, Thy — and what happens in the verse to Pharaoh, name, people, all, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמֵאָ֞ז בָּ֤אתִי אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר בִּשְׁמֶ֔ךָ הֵרַ֖ע לָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה וְהַצֵּ֥ל לֹא־הִצַּ֖לְתָּ אֶת־עַמֶּֽךָ׃ [For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Thy name, he hath dealt ill with this people; neither hast Thou delivered Thy people at all.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.139/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:122 # text = וּמֵאָ֞ז בָּ֤אתִי אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר בִּשְׁמֶ֔ךָ הֵרַ֖ע לָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה וְהַצֵּ֥ל לֹא־הִצַּ֖לְתָּ אֶת־עַמֶּֽךָ׃ # verse = EXO.5.23 1-3 וּמֵאָ֞ז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_5:23!1|MId=o020050230011|Strong=2050b 2 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=EXO_5:23!1|MId=o020050230012|Strong=4480 3 אָ֞ז אָז ADV _ _ 4 nmod _ Gloss=then|Ref=EXO_5:23!1|MId=o020050230013|Strong=0227 4 בָּ֤אתִי בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 12 parataxis _ Gloss=I.went|Ref=EXO_5:23!2|MId=o020050230021|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:020050220021;|Type=qatal 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_5:23!3|MId=o020050230031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 פַּרְעֹה֙ פַּרְעֹה PROPN _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=Pharaoh|Ref=EXO_5:23!4|MId=o020050230041|Strong=6547 7-8 לְדַבֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_5:23!5|MId=o020050230051|Strong=3807a 8 דַבֵּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 4 advcl _ Gloss=speak|Ref=EXO_5:23!5|MId=o020050230052|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:020050220021;|Type=infinitive_construct 9-11 בִּשְׁמֶ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_5:23!6|MId=o020050230061|Strong=0871a 10 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=name|Ref=EXO_5:23!6|MId=o020050230062|Strong=8034 11 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_5:23!6|MId=o020050230063|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 הֵרַ֖ע רָעַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.done.harm|Ref=EXO_5:23!7|MId=o020050230071|Strong=7489|Frame=A0:020050230041;|Type=qatal 13-15 לָעָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_5:23!8|MId=o020050230081|Strong=3807a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_5:23!8|MId=o020050230081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 עָ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_5:23!8|MId=o020050230082|Strong=5971 16-17 הַזֶּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=EXO_5:23!9|MId=o020050230091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 זֶּ֑ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=EXO_5:23!9|MId=o020050230092|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 18-19 וְהַצֵּ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_5:23!10|MId=o020050230101|Strong=2050b 19 הַצֵּ֥ל נָצַל VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 21 obl:npmod _ Gloss=at.all.(deliver)|Ref=EXO_5:23!10|MId=o020050230102|Strong=5337|Type=infinitive_absolute 20 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_5:23!11|MId=o020050230111|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 הִצַּ֖לְתָּ נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 conj _ Gloss=you.have.delivered|Ref=EXO_5:23!12|MId=o020050230121|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:020050220061;A0:020050230141;|Type=qatal 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_5:23!13|MId=o020050230131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 עַמֶּֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_5:23!14|MId=o020050230141|Strong=5971 24 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_5:23!14|MId=o020050230142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=EXO_5:23!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּאתִי *I went* | qatal · qal | | | | | | דַבֵּר *speak* | infinitive construct · piel | | | | | | הֵרַע *he has done harm* | qatal · hiphil | פַּרְעֹה *Pharaoh* | | | | | **not** הִצַּלְתָּ *you have delivered* | qatal · hiphil | עַמּ *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּמֵעִדַן עַלִית לְוָת פַּרְעֹה לְמַלָלָא בִשְׁמָךְ אַבְאֵשׁ לְעַמָּא הָדֵין וְשֵׁזָבָא לָא שֵׁזַבְתָּא יָת עַמָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For since I came to Pharaoh to speak in Thy name, he hath dealt ill with this people; neither hast Thou delivered Thy people at all.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.139/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:122`. - ← previous: [Exodus 5:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.22/) - next →: [Exodus 6:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.6.1/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/5/)