--- title: Exodus 8:17 — (8-17) Else, if thou wilt not let My people go, behold, I will send… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: (8-17) Else, if thou wilt not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are. Who acts: thou, I, houses. Exodus 8: --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/8/) / 8:17 # Exodus 8:17 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** thou, I, houses · **What happens:** not let, go, send, be · **To what, where:** swarms This is Exodus 8:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, I, houses — and what happens in the verse to swarms, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֣י אִם־אֵינְךָ֮ מְשַׁלֵּ֣חַ אֶת־עַמִּי֒ הִנְנִי֩ מַשְׁלִ֨יחַ בְּךָ֜ וּבַעֲבָדֶ֧יךָ וּֽבְעַמְּךָ֛ וּבְבָתֶּ֖יךָ אֶת־הֶעָרֹ֑ב וּמָ֨לְא֜וּ בָּתֵּ֤י מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶת־הֶ֣עָרֹ֔ב וְגַ֥ם הָאֲדָמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֥ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃ [(8-17) Else, if thou wilt not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.223/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:198 # text = כִּ֣י אִם־אֵינְךָ֮ מְשַׁלֵּ֣חַ אֶת־עַמִּי֒ הִנְנִי֩ מַשְׁלִ֨יחַ בְּךָ֜ וּבַעֲבָדֶ֧יךָ וּֽבְעַמְּךָ֛ וּבְבָתֶּ֖יךָ אֶת־הֶעָרֹ֑ב וּמָ֨לְא֜וּ בָּתֵּ֤י מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ אֶת־הֶ֣עָרֹ֔ב וְגַ֥ם הָאֲדָמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֥ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃ # verse = EXO.8.17 1 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=EXO_8:17!1|MId=o020080170011|Strong=3588 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 1 fixed _ Gloss=if|Ref=EXO_8:17!2|MId=o020080170021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 אֵינְךָ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵינ אַיִן ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_8:17!3|MId=o020080170031|Strong=0369|Type=negative 4 ְךָ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_8:17!3|MId=o020080170032|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 מְשַׁלֵּ֣חַ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 11 advcl _ Gloss=[are].letting.go|Ref=EXO_8:17!4|MId=o020080170041|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:020080170032;A1:020080170061;|Type=participle_active 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_8:17!5|MId=o020080170051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 עַמִּי֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_8:17!6|MId=o020080170061|Strong=5971 8 ִי֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=EXO_8:17!6|MId=o020080170062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 הִנְנִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=EXO_8:17!7|MId=o020080170071|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 10 ְנִי֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=EXO_8:17!7|MId=o020080170072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 11 מַשְׁלִ֨יחַ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[am].about.to.send|Ref=EXO_8:17!8|MId=o020080170081|Strong=7971|Frame=AA:020080170072;A0:020080170142;|Type=participle_active 12-13 בְּךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_8:17!9|MId=o020080170091|Strong=0871a 13 ְךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_8:17!9|MId=o020080170092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14-17 וּבַעֲבָדֶ֧יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_8:17!10|MId=o020080170101|Strong=2050b 15 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_8:17!10|MId=o020080170102|Strong=0871a 16 עֲבָדֶ֧י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=EXO_8:17!10|MId=o020080170103|Strong=5650 17 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_8:17!10|MId=o020080170104|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18-21 וּֽבְעַמְּךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_8:17!11|MId=o020080170111|Strong=2050b 19 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_8:17!11|MId=o020080170112|Strong=0871a 20 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=EXO_8:17!11|MId=o020080170113|Strong=5971 21 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_8:17!11|MId=o020080170114|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22-25 וּבְבָתֶּ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_8:17!12|MId=o020080170121|Strong=2050b 23 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_8:17!12|MId=o020080170122|Strong=0871a 24 בָתֶּ֖י בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=houses|Ref=EXO_8:17!12|MId=o020080170123|Strong=1004 25 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_8:17!12|MId=o020080170124|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_8:17!13|MId=o020080170131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הֶעָרֹ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_8:17!14|MId=o020080170141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 עָרֹ֑ב עָרֹב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=swarm|Ref=EXO_8:17!14|MId=o020080170142|Strong=6157 29-30 וּמָ֨לְא֜וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_8:17!15|MId=o020080170151|Strong=2050b 30 מָ֨לְא֜וּ מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.full|Ref=EXO_8:17!15|MId=o020080170152|Strong=4390|Frame=A0:020080170161;|Type=weqatal 31 בָּתֵּ֤י בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ Gloss=the.houses|Ref=EXO_8:17!16|MId=o020080170161|Strong=1004 32 מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=EXO_8:17!17|MId=o020080170171|Strong=4714 33 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_8:17!18|MId=o020080170181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 34-35 הֶ֣עָרֹ֔ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הֶ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_8:17!19|MId=o020080170191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 עָרֹ֔ב עָרֹב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=swarm|Ref=EXO_8:17!19|MId=o020080170192|Strong=6157 36-37 וְגַ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_8:17!20|MId=o020080170201|Strong=2050b 37 גַ֥ם גַּם ADV _ _ 39 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=EXO_8:17!20|MId=o020080170202|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 38-39 הָאֲדָמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_8:17!21|MId=o020080170211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 אֲדָמָ֖ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 conj _ Gloss=ground|Ref=EXO_8:17!21|MId=o020080170212|Strong=0127 40 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 43 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EXO_8:17!22|MId=o020080170221|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 41 הֵ֥ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=EXO_8:17!23|MId=o020080170231|Strong=1992|Type=personal 42-43 עָלֶֽיהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 עָלֶֽי עַל ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=[are].on|Ref=EXO_8:17!24|MId=o020080170241|Strong=5921 43 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it|Ref=EXO_8:17!24|MId=o020080170242|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=EXO_8:17!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** מְשַׁלֵּחַ *\[are\] letting go* | participle active · piel | ְךָ *you* | עַמּ *people* | | | | מַשְׁלִיחַ *\[am\] about to send* | participle active · hiphil | עָרֹב *swarm* | | | ְנִי *I* | | מָלְאוּ *they will be full* | weqatal · qal | בָּתֵּי *the houses* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אֲרֵי אִם לֵיתָךְ מְשַׁלַח יָת עַמִי הָא אֲנָא מַשְׁלַח בָּךְ וּבְעַבְדָיךְ וּבְעַמָךְ וּבְבָתָּיךְ יָת עָרוֹבָא וְיִמְלוּן בָּתֵּי מִצְרַיִם יָת עָרוֹבָא וְאַף אַרְעָא דְאִנוּן עֲלַהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [(8-17) Else, if thou wilt not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people, and into thy houses; and the houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground whereon they are.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.223/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:198`. - ← previous: [Exodus 8:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.16/) - next →: [Exodus 8:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.18/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/8/)