--- title: Exodus 9:19 — Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.' Who acts: you, thou, hail, man. Exodus 9:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/9/) / 9:19 # Exodus 9:19 שְׁמוֹת **Who acts:** you, thou, hail, man · **What happens:** send, hasten, have, find, not bring, come down · **To what, where:** field, man This is Exodus 9:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, thou, hail, man — and what happens in the verse to field, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁלַ֤ח הָעֵז֙ אֶֽת־מִקְנְךָ֔ וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְךָ֖ בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה כָּל־הָאָדָ֨ם וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִמָּצֵ֣א בַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְלֹ֤א יֵֽאָסֵף֙ הַבַּ֔יְתָה וְיָרַ֧ד עֲלֵהֶ֛ם הַבָּרָ֖ד וָמֵֽתוּ׃ [Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.254/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:EXO:228 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁלַ֤ח הָעֵז֙ אֶֽת־מִקְנְךָ֔ וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְךָ֖ בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה כָּל־הָאָדָ֨ם וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִמָּצֵ֣א בַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְלֹ֤א יֵֽאָסֵף֙ הַבַּ֔יְתָה וְיָרַ֧ד עֲלֵהֶ֛ם הַבָּרָ֖ד וָמֵֽתוּ׃ # verse = EXO.9.19 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_9:19!1|MId=o020090190011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=EXO_9:19!1|MId=o020090190012|Strong=6258 3 שְׁלַ֤ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=send|Ref=EXO_9:19!2|MId=o020090190021|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:020090130091;|Type=imperative 4 הָעֵז֙ עוּז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=bring.to.safety|Ref=EXO_9:19!3|MId=o020090190031|Strong=5756|Frame=AA:020090130091;A0:020090190051;020090190071;|Type=imperative 5 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_9:19!4|MId=o020090190041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 מִקְנְךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִקְנ מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=EXO_9:19!5|MId=o020090190051|Strong=4735 7 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=EXO_9:19!5|MId=o020090190052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְאֵ֛ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_9:19!6|MId=o020090190061|Strong=2050b 9 אֵ֛ת אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=EXO_9:19!6|MId=o020090190062|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 10 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_9:19!7|MId=o020090190071|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 11 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=EXO_9:19!8|MId=o020090190081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12-13 לְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=EXO_9:19!9|MId=o020090190091|Strong=3807a 13 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=EXO_9:19!9|MId=o020090190092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14-16 בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_9:19!10|MId=o020090190101|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_9:19!10|MId=o020090190101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 שָּׂדֶ֑ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=field|Ref=EXO_9:19!10|MId=o020090190102|Strong=7704 17 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 dislocated _ Gloss=all|Ref=EXO_9:19!11|MId=o020090190111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הָאָדָ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_9:19!12|MId=o020090190121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אָדָ֨ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=EXO_9:19!12|MId=o020090190122|Strong=0120 20-22 וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_9:19!13|MId=o020090190131|Strong=2050b 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_9:19!13|MId=o020090190132|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 בְּהֵמָ֜ה בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=EXO_9:19!13|MId=o020090190133|Strong=0929 23 אֲשֶֽׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=EXO_9:19!14|MId=o020090190141|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 24 יִמָּצֵ֣א מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.will.be.found|Ref=EXO_9:19!15|MId=o020090190151|Strong=4672|Frame=A1:020090190122;020090190133;|Type=yiqtol 25-27 בַשָּׂדֶ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=EXO_9:19!16|MId=o020090190161|Strong=0871a 26 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_9:19!16|MId=o020090190161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 שָּׂדֶ֗ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=field|Ref=EXO_9:19!16|MId=o020090190162|Strong=7704 28-29 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_9:19!17|MId=o020090190171|Strong=2050b 29 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=EXO_9:19!17|MId=o020090190172|Strong=3808|Type=negative 30 יֵֽאָסֵף֙ אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.gathered|Ref=EXO_9:19!18|MId=o020090190181|Strong=0622|Frame=A1:020090190122;020090190133;|Type=yiqtol 31-33 הַבַּ֔יְתָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=EXO_9:19!19|MId=o020090190191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 בַּ֔יְת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_9:19!19|MId=o020090190192|Strong=1004 33 ָה ה X _ _ 32 nmod _ Gloss=house|Ref=EXO_9:19!19|MId=o020090190193|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 34-35 וְיָרַ֧ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_9:19!20|MId=o020090190201|Strong=2050b 35 יָרַ֧ד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.come.down|Ref=EXO_9:19!20|MId=o020090190202|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:020090190222;|Type=weqatal 36-37 עֲלֵהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 עֲל עַל ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=EXO_9:19!21|MId=o020090190211|Strong=5921 37 ֵהֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=EXO_9:19!21|MId=o020090190212|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 38-39 הַבָּרָ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=EXO_9:19!22|MId=o020090190221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 בָּרָ֖ד בָּרָד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ Gloss=hail|Ref=EXO_9:19!22|MId=o020090190222|Strong=1259 40-41 וָמֵֽתוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=EXO_9:19!23|MId=o020090190231|Strong=2050b 41 מֵֽתוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 35 conj _ Gloss=they.will.die|Ref=EXO_9:19!23|MId=o020090190232|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:020090190122;020090190133;|Type=weqatal 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=EXO_9:19!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁלַח *send* | imperative · qal | | | | | | הָעֵז *bring to safety* | imperative · hiphil | מִקְנ *livestock* + כָּל־ *all* | | | | | יִמָּצֵא *it will be found* | yiqtol · niphal | | אָדָם *humankind* + בְּהֵמָה *livestock* | | | | **not** יֵֽאָסֵף *it will be gathered* | yiqtol · niphal | | אָדָם *humankind* + בְּהֵמָה *livestock* | | | | יָרַד *it will come down* | weqatal · qal | בָּרָד *hail* | | | | | מֵֽתוּ *they will die* | weqatal · qal | אָדָם *humankind* + בְּהֵמָה *livestock* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּכְעַן שְׁלַח כְּנוֹשׁ יָת בְּעִירָךְ וְיָת כָּל דִי לָךְ בְּחַקְלָא כָּל אֲנָשָׁא וּבְעִירָא דְאִשְׁתְּכַח בְּחַקְלָא וְלָא יִתְכְּנֵשׁ לְבֵיתָא וְיֵחוֹת עֲלֵיהוֹן בַּרְדָא וִימוּתוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.254/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:EXO:228`. - ← previous: [Exodus 9:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.18/) - next →: [Exodus 9:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.20/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/9/)