--- title: Genesis 1:22 — And God blessed them, saying: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And God blessed them, saying: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth.' Who acts: God, fowl. Genesis 1:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/1/) / 1:22 # Genesis 1:22 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** God, fowl · **What happens:** bless, say, be, multiply, fill, let · **To what, where:** waters, seas, fowl · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 1:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, fowl — and what happens in the verse to waters, seas, fowl, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ אֹתָ֛ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר פְּר֣וּ וּרְב֗וּ וּמִלְא֤וּ אֶת־הַמַּ֙יִם֙ בַּיַּמִּ֔ים וְהָע֖וֹף יִ֥רֶב בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ [And God blessed them, saying: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.23/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:21 # text = וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ אֹתָ֛ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר פְּר֣וּ וּרְב֗וּ וּמִלְא֤וּ אֶת־הַמַּ֙יִם֙ בַּיַּמִּ֔ים וְהָע֖וֹף יִ֥רֶב בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = GEN.1.22 1-2 וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_1:22!1|MId=o010010220011|Strong=2050b 2 יְבָ֧רֶךְ בָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.blessed|Ref=GEN_1:22!1|MId=o010010220012|Strong=1288|Frame=A1:010010220022;A0:010010220031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֹתָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_1:22!2|MId=o010010220021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 4 ָ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_1:22!2|MId=o010010220022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=GEN_1:22!3|MId=o010010220031|Strong=0430 6-7 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 8 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_1:22!4|MId=o010010220041|Strong=3807a 7 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 6 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_1:22!4|MId=o010010220042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010010220031;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 פְּר֣וּ פָּרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=be.fruitful|Ref=GEN_1:22!5|MId=o010010220051|Strong=6509|Frame=A0:010010220022;|Type=imperative 9-10 וּרְב֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_1:22!6|MId=o010010220061|Strong=2050b 10 רְב֗וּ רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 conj _ Gloss=multiply|Ref=GEN_1:22!6|MId=o010010220062|Strong=7235|Frame=A0:010010220022;|Type=imperative 11-12 וּמִלְא֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_1:22!7|MId=o010010220071|Strong=2050b 12 מִלְא֤וּ מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 conj _ Gloss=fill|Ref=GEN_1:22!7|MId=o010010220072|Strong=4390|Frame=A0:010010220022;A1:010010220092;|Type=imperative 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_1:22!8|MId=o010010220081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַמַּ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_1:22!9|MId=o010010220091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מַּ֙יִם֙ מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obj _ Gloss=waters|Ref=GEN_1:22!9|MId=o010010220092|Strong=4325 16-18 בַּיַּמִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_1:22!10|MId=o010010220101|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_1:22!10|MId=o010010220101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יַּמִּ֔ים יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=seas|Ref=GEN_1:22!10|MId=o010010220102|Strong=3220 19-21 וְהָע֖וֹף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_1:22!11|MId=o010010220111|Strong=2050b 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_1:22!11|MId=o010010220112|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 ע֖וֹף עוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=bird[s]|Ref=GEN_1:22!11|MId=o010010220113|Strong=5775 22 יִ֥רֶב רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=let.it.multiply|Ref=GEN_1:22!12|MId=o010010220121|Strong=7235|Frame=A0:010010220113;|Type=jussive 23-25 בָּאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_1:22!13|MId=o010010220131|Strong=0871a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_1:22!13|MId=o010010220131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=earth|Ref=GEN_1:22!13|MId=o010010220132|Strong=0776 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=GEN_1:22!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְבָרֶךְ *he blessed* | wayyiqtol · piel | אֱלֹהִים *God* | ָם *them* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | | פְּרוּ *be fruitful* | imperative · qal | ָם *them* | | | | | רְבוּ *multiply* | imperative · qal | ָם *them* | | | | | מִלְאוּ *fill* | imperative · qal | ָם *them* | מַּיִם *waters* | | | | יִרֶב *let it multiply* | jussive · qal | עוֹף *bird\[s\]* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּבָרִיךְ יָתְהוֹן יְיָ לְמֵימָר פּוּשׁוּ וּסְגוּ וּמְלוּ יָת מַיָּא בְּיַמְמַיָּא וְעוֹפָא יִסְגֵּי בְּאַרְעָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And God blessed them, saying: 'Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl multiply in the earth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.23/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:21`. - ← previous: [Genesis 1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.21/) - next →: [Genesis 1:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.23/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/1/)