--- title: Genesis 10:9 — He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: 'Like… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: 'Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.' Who acts: Nimrod. Genesis 10:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.10.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/10/) / 10:9 # Genesis 10:9 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Nimrod · **What happens:** be, say · **To what, where:** mighty hunter, hunter · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 10:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nimrod — and what happens in the verse to mighty hunter, hunter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ [He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: 'Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.255/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:243 # text = הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = GEN.10.9 1 הֽוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_10:9!1|MId=o010100090011|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 2 הָיָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=GEN_10:9!2|MId=o010100090021|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010100090011;|Type=qatal 3 גִבֹּֽר־ גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.mighty.[man]|Ref=GEN_10:9!3|MId=o010100090031|Strong=1368|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 4 צַ֖יִד צַיִד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hunting|Ref=GEN_10:9!4|MId=o010100090041|Strong=6718 5-6 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=GEN_10:9!5|MId=o010100090051|Strong=3807a 6 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_10:9!5|MId=o010100090052|Strong=6440 7 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_10:9!6|MId=o010100090061|Strong=3068 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=GEN_10:9!7|MId=o010100090071|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9 כֵּן֙ כֵּן ADV _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_10:9!8|MId=o010100090081|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 10 יֵֽאָמַ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=it.is.said|Ref=GEN_10:9!9|MId=o010100090091|Strong=0559|Frame=A1:010100090111;|Type=yiqtol 11-12 כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=GEN_10:9!10|MId=o010100090101|Strong=3509a 12 נִמְרֹ֛ד נִמְרֹד PROPN _ _ 10 ccomp _ Gloss=Nimrod|Ref=GEN_10:9!10|MId=o010100090102|Strong=5248 13 גִּבּ֥וֹר גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=a.mighty.[man]|Ref=GEN_10:9!11|MId=o010100090111|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 14 צַ֖יִד צַיִד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hunting|Ref=GEN_10:9!12|MId=o010100090121|Strong=6718 15-16 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=GEN_10:9!13|MId=o010100090131|Strong=3807a 16 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_10:9!13|MId=o010100090132|Strong=6440 17 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_10:9!14|MId=o010100090141|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=GEN_10:9!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *he was* | qatal · qal | הֽוּא־ *he* | | | | | יֵֽאָמַר *it is said* | yiqtol · niphal | | גִּבּוֹר *a mighty \[man\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} הוּא הֲוָה גִבַּר תַּקִּיף קֳדָם יְיָ עַל כֵּן יִתְאֲמַר כְּנִמְרֹד גִּבַּר תַּקִּיף קֳדָם יְיָ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: 'Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.255/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:243`. - ← previous: [Genesis 10:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.10.8/) - next →: [Genesis 10:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.10.10/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/10/)