--- title: Genesis 14:10 — Now the vale of Siddim was full of slime pits; and the kings of Sodo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now the vale of Siddim was full of slime pits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and they fell there, and they that remained fled to the mountain. Who acts: vale, kings, pits. Genesis 14:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/14/) / 14:10 # Genesis 14:10 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** vale, kings, pits · **What happens:** be, flee, fall, remain · **To what, where:** mountain This is Genesis 14:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — vale, kings, pits — and what happens in the verse to mountain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעֵ֣מֶק הַשִׂדִּ֗יםבֶּֽאֱרֹ֤ת בֶּאֱרֹת֙ חֵמָ֔ר וַיָּנֻ֛סוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־סְדֹ֥ם וַעֲמֹרָ֖ה וַיִּפְּלוּ־שָׁ֑מָּה וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים הֶ֥רָה נָּֽסוּ׃ [Now the vale of Siddim was full of slime pits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and they fell there, and they that remained fled to the mountain.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.362/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:346 # text = וְעֵ֣מֶק הַשִׂדִּ֗יםבֶּֽאֱרֹ֤ת בֶּאֱרֹת֙ חֵמָ֔ר וַיָּנֻ֛סוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־סְדֹ֥ם וַעֲמֹרָ֖ה וַיִּפְּלוּ־שָׁ֑מָּה וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים הֶ֥רָה נָּֽסוּ׃ # verse = GEN.14.10 1-2 וְעֵ֣מֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:10!1|MId=o010140100011|Strong=2050b 2 עֵ֣מֶק עֵמֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=the.valley|Ref=GEN_14:10!1|MId=o010140100012|Strong=6010 3-5 הַשִׂדִּ֗יםבֶּֽאֱרֹ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=GEN_14:10!2|MId=o010140100021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 שִׂדִּ֗ים שִׂדִּים PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Siddim|Ref=GEN_14:10!2|MId=o010140100022|Strong=7708 5 בֶּֽאֱרֹ֤ת בְּאֵר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[was].pits|Ref=GEN_14:10!3|MId=o010140100031|Strong=0875 6 בֶּאֱרֹת֙ בְּאֵר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=pits|Ref=GEN_14:10!4|MId=o010140100041|Strong=0875 7 חֵמָ֔ר חֵמָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.bitumen|Ref=GEN_14:10!5|MId=o010140100051|Strong=2564 8-9 וַיָּנֻ֛סוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:10!6|MId=o010140100061|Strong=2050b 9 יָּנֻ֛סוּ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.fled|Ref=GEN_14:10!6|MId=o010140100062|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:010140100071;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=GEN_14:10!7|MId=o010140100071|Strong=4428|SpaceAfter=No 11 סְדֹ֥ם סְדֹם PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Sodom|Ref=GEN_14:10!8|MId=o010140100081|Strong=5467 12-13 וַעֲמֹרָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:10!9|MId=o010140100091|Strong=2050b 13 עֲמֹרָ֖ה עֲמֹרָה PROPN _ _ 11 conj _ Gloss=Gomorrah|Ref=GEN_14:10!9|MId=o010140100092|Strong=6017 14-15 וַיִּפְּלוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:10!10|MId=o010140100101|Strong=2050b 15 יִּפְּלוּ־ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.fell|Ref=GEN_14:10!10|MId=o010140100102|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:010140100071;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 שָׁ֑מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 שָׁ֑מּ שָׁם ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_14:10!11|MId=o010140100111|Strong=8033 17 ָה ה X _ _ 16 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=GEN_14:10!11|MId=o010140100112|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 18-20 וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:10!12|MId=o010140100121|Strong=2050b 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=[those|Ref=GEN_14:10!12|MId=o010140100122|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 נִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים שָׁאַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ Gloss=who].survived|Ref=GEN_14:10!12|MId=o010140100123|Strong=7604|Type=participle_active 21-22 הֶ֥רָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הֶ֥ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.hill.country|Ref=GEN_14:10!13|MId=o010140100131|Strong=2022 22 ָה ה X _ _ 21 nmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_14:10!13|MId=o010140100132|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 23 נָּֽסוּ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.fled|Ref=GEN_14:10!14|MId=o010140100141|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:010140100123;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=GEN_14:10!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּנֻסוּ *they fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | | | | | יִּפְּלוּ־ *they fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶֽלֶךְ־ *the king* | | | | | נָּֽסוּ *they fled* | qatal · qal | נִּשְׁאָרִים *who\] survived* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּמֵישַׁר חַקְלַיָא בֵּירִין בֵּירִין מַסְקַן חֵימָרָא וַעֲרָקוּ מַלְכָּא דִסְדוֹם וַעֲמוֹרָה וּנְפָלוּ תַמָן וּדְאִשְׁתָּאֲרוּ לְטוּרָא עֲרָקוּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now the vale of Siddim was full of slime pits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and they fell there, and they that remained fled to the mountain.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.362/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:346`. - ← previous: [Genesis 14:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.9/) - next →: [Genesis 14:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.11/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/14/)