--- title: Genesis 14:14 — And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he led fort… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he led forth his trained men, born in his house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan. Who acts: Abram. Genesis 14:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/14/) / 14:14 # Genesis 14:14 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Abram · **What happens:** hear, take, lead, train, bear, pursue · **To what, where:** brother, trained men, house · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 14:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abram — and what happens in the verse to brother, trained men, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אַבְרָ֔ם כִּ֥י נִשְׁבָּ֖ה אָחִ֑יו וַיָּ֨רֶק אֶת־חֲנִיכָ֜יו יְלִידֵ֣י בֵית֗וֹ שְׁמֹנָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת וַיִּרְדֹּ֖ף עַד־דָּֽן׃ [And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he led forth his trained men, born in his house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.366/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:350 # text = וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אַבְרָ֔ם כִּ֥י נִשְׁבָּ֖ה אָחִ֑יו וַיָּ֨רֶק אֶת־חֲנִיכָ֜יו יְלִידֵ֣י בֵית֗וֹ שְׁמֹנָ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת וַיִּרְדֹּ֖ף עַד־דָּֽן׃ # verse = GEN.14.14 1-2 וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:14!1|MId=o010140140011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁמַ֣ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.heard|Ref=GEN_14:14!1|MId=o010140140012|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:010140140021;A1:010140140041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַבְרָ֔ם אַבְרָם PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Abram|Ref=GEN_14:14!2|MId=o010140140021|Strong=0087 4 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=GEN_14:14!3|MId=o010140140031|Strong=3588 5 נִשְׁבָּ֖ה שָׁבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.had.been.taken.captive|Ref=GEN_14:14!4|MId=o010140140041|Strong=7617|Frame=A1:010140140051;|Type=qatal 6-7 אָחִ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אָחִ֑י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=relative|Ref=GEN_14:14!5|MId=o010140140051|Strong=0251 7 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_14:14!5|MId=o010140140052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-9 וַיָּ֨רֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:14!6|MId=o010140140061|Strong=2050b 9 יָּ֨רֶק רִיק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.drew.out|Ref=GEN_14:14!6|MId=o010140140062|Strong=7324a|Frame=AA:010140140021;A0:010140140081;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_14:14!7|MId=o010140140071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 חֲנִיכָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 חֲנִיכָ֜י חָנִיךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=men|Ref=GEN_14:14!8|MId=o010140140081|Strong=2593 12 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.trained|Ref=GEN_14:14!8|MId=o010140140082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 יְלִידֵ֣י יָלִיד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 appos _ Gloss=those.born|Ref=GEN_14:14!9|MId=o010140140091|Strong=3211 14-15 בֵית֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בֵית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.household|Ref=GEN_14:14!10|MId=o010140140101|Strong=1004 15 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_14:14!10|MId=o010140140102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 שְׁמֹנָ֤ה שְׁמֹנֶה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nummod _ Gloss=eight-|Ref=GEN_14:14!11|MId=o010140140111|Strong=8083|Type=cardinal_number 17 עָשָׂר֙ עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 flat _ Gloss=teen|Ref=GEN_14:14!12|MId=o010140140121|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 18-19 וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:14!13|MId=o010140140131|Strong=2050b 19 שְׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=three|Ref=GEN_14:14!13|MId=o010140140132|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 20 מֵא֔וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 19 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=GEN_14:14!14|MId=o010140140141|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 21-22 וַיִּרְדֹּ֖ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_14:14!15|MId=o010140140151|Strong=2050b 22 יִּרְדֹּ֖ף רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.pursued|Ref=GEN_14:14!15|MId=o010140140152|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:010140140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_14:14!16|MId=o010140140161|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 24 דָּֽן דָּן PROPN _ _ 22 obl _ Gloss=Dan|Ref=GEN_14:14!17|MId=o010140140171|Strong=1835|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=GEN_14:14!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁמַע *he heard* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָם *Abram* | נִשְׁבָּה *he had been taken captive* | | | | נִשְׁבָּה *he had been taken captive* | qatal · niphal | | אָחִי *relative* | | | | יָּרֶק *he drew out* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | חֲנִיכָי *men* | | | אַבְרָם *Abram* | | יִּרְדֹּף *he pursued* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָם *Abram* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁמַע אַבְרָם אֲרֵי אִשְׁתְּבִי אֲחוּהִי וְזָרֵיז יָת עוּלֵמוֹהִי יְלִידֵי בֵיתֵהּ תְּלַת מְאָה וְתַמְנֵי עֲסַר וּרְדַף עַד דָן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he led forth his trained men, born in his house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.366/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:350`. - ← previous: [Genesis 14:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.13/) - next →: [Genesis 14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.15/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/14/)