--- title: Genesis 15:18 — In that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying: 'Unto thy s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: In that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying: 'Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates; Who acts: LORD, I. Genesis 15:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/15/) / 15:18 # Genesis 15:18 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** LORD, I · **What happens:** make, say, give · **To what, where:** covenant, land, river · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 15:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I — and what happens in the verse to covenant, land, river, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא כָּרַ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־אַבְרָ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לְזַרְעֲךָ֗ נָתַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את מִנְּהַ֣ר מִצְרַ֔יִם עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃ [In that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying: 'Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.394/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:378 # text = בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא כָּרַ֧ת יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־אַבְרָ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לְזַרְעֲךָ֗ נָתַ֙תִּי֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את מִנְּהַ֣ר מִצְרַ֔יִם עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃ # verse = GEN.15.18 1-3 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_15:18!1|MId=o010150180011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_15:18!1|MId=o010150180011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=GEN_15:18!1|MId=o010150180012|Strong=3117 4-5 הַה֗וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_15:18!2|MId=o010150180021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 ה֗וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=GEN_15:18!2|MId=o010150180022|Strong=1931|Type=personal 6 כָּרַ֧ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.made|Ref=GEN_15:18!3|MId=o010150180031|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:010150180041;A1:010150180071;|Type=qatal 7 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_15:18!4|MId=o010150180041|Strong=3068 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=GEN_15:18!5|MId=o010150180051|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 9 אַבְרָ֖ם אַבְרָם PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Abram|Ref=GEN_15:18!6|MId=o010150180061|Strong=0087 10 בְּרִ֣ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=a.covenant|Ref=GEN_15:18!7|MId=o010150180071|Strong=1285 11-12 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 16 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_15:18!8|MId=o010150180081|Strong=3807a 12 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_15:18!8|MId=o010150180082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010150180041;A1:010150180101;|Type=infinitive_construct 13-15 לְזַרְעֲךָ֗ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_15:18!9|MId=o010150180091|Strong=3807a 14 זַרְע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=offspring|Ref=GEN_15:18!9|MId=o010150180092|Strong=2233 15 ֲךָ֗ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_15:18!9|MId=o010150180093|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16 נָתַ֙תִּי֙ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 6 advcl _ Gloss=I.give|Ref=GEN_15:18!10|MId=o010150180101|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:010150180041;A1:010150180122;|Type=qatal 17 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_15:18!11|MId=o010150180111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הָאָ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_15:18!12|MId=o010150180121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אָ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=GEN_15:18!12|MId=o010150180122|Strong=0776 20-21 הַזֹּ֔את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_15:18!13|MId=o010150180131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 זֹּ֔את זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=GEN_15:18!13|MId=o010150180132|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 22-23 מִנְּהַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_15:18!14|MId=o010150180141|Strong=4480 23 נְּהַ֣ר נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nmod _ Gloss=the.river|Ref=GEN_15:18!14|MId=o010150180142|Strong=5104 24 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=GEN_15:18!15|MId=o010150180151|Strong=4714 25 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_15:18!16|MId=o010150180161|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הַנָּהָ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_15:18!17|MId=o010150180171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 נָּהָ֥ר נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 conj _ Gloss=river|Ref=GEN_15:18!17|MId=o010150180172|Strong=5104 28-29 הַגָּדֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_15:18!18|MId=o010150180181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 גָּדֹ֖ל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=GEN_15:18!18|MId=o010150180182|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 30 נְהַר־ נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 appos _ Gloss=the.river|Ref=GEN_15:18!19|MId=o010150180191|Strong=5104|SpaceAfter=No 31 פְּרָֽת פְּרָת PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Euphrates|Ref=GEN_15:18!20|MId=o010150180201|Strong=6578|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=GEN_15:18!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כָּרַת *he made* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | בְּרִית *a covenant* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | נָתַתִּי *I give* | | | | נָתַתִּי *I give* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא גְזַר יְיָ עִם אַבְרָם קְיָם לְמֵימָר לִבְנָךְ יְהָבִית יָת אַרְעָא הָדָא מִן נַהֲרָא דְמִצְרַיִם וְעַד נַהֲרָא רַבָּא נַהֲרָא פְרָת The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [In that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying: 'Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.394/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:378`. - ← previous: [Genesis 15:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.17/) - next →: [Genesis 15:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.19/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/15/)