--- title: Genesis 16:12 — And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the face of all his brethren.' Who acts: LORD, hand. Genesis 16:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/16/) / 16:12 # Genesis 16:12 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** LORD, hand · **What happens:** be, dwell · **To what, where:** wild ass, face This is Genesis 16:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, hand — and what happens in the verse to wild ass, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְה֤וּא יִהְיֶה֙ פֶּ֣רֶא אָדָ֔ם יָד֣וֹ בַכֹּ֔ל וְיַ֥ד כֹּ֖ל בּ֑וֹ וְעַל־פְּנֵ֥י כָל־אֶחָ֖יו יִשְׁכֹּֽן׃ [And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the face of all his brethren.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.409/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:393 # text = וְה֤וּא יִהְיֶה֙ פֶּ֣רֶא אָדָ֔ם יָד֣וֹ בַכֹּ֔ל וְיַ֥ד כֹּ֖ל בּ֑וֹ וְעַל־פְּנֵ֥י כָל־אֶחָ֖יו יִשְׁכֹּֽן׃ # verse = GEN.16.12 1-2 וְה֤וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_16:12!1|MId=o010160120011|Strong=2050b 2 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_16:12!1|MId=o010160120012|Strong=1931|Type=personal 3 יִהְיֶה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 cop _ Gloss=he.will.be|Ref=GEN_16:12!2|MId=o010160120021|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010160120012;|Type=yiqtol 4 פֶּ֣רֶא פֶּרֶא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.wild.donkey|Ref=GEN_16:12!3|MId=o010160120031|Strong=6501 5 אָדָ֔ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.man|Ref=GEN_16:12!4|MId=o010160120041|Strong=0120 6-7 יָד֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=GEN_16:12!5|MId=o010160120051|Strong=3027 7 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_16:12!5|MId=o010160120052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-10 בַכֹּ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=GEN_16:12!6|MId=o010160120061|Strong=0871a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=be]|Ref=GEN_16:12!6|MId=o010160120061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 כֹּ֔ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=on.(the).everyone|Ref=GEN_16:12!6|MId=o010160120062|Strong=3605 11-12 וְיַ֥ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_16:12!7|MId=o010160120071|Strong=2050b 12 יַ֥ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=GEN_16:12!7|MId=o010160120072|Strong=3027 13 כֹּ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.everyone|Ref=GEN_16:12!8|MId=o010160120081|Strong=3605 14-15 בּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=GEN_16:12!9|MId=o010160120091|Strong=0871a 15 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 conj _ Gloss=be].on.him|Ref=GEN_16:12!9|MId=o010160120092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 וְעַל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_16:12!10|MId=o010160120101|Strong=2050b 17 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_16:12!10|MId=o010160120102|Strong=5921 18 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 22 obl _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=GEN_16:12!11|MId=o010160120111|Strong=6440 19 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.all|Ref=GEN_16:12!12|MId=o010160120121|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 אֶחָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אֶחָ֖י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=brothers|Ref=GEN_16:12!13|MId=o010160120131|Strong=0251 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_16:12!13|MId=o010160120132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 יִשְׁכֹּֽן שָׁכַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.will.dwell|Ref=GEN_16:12!14|MId=o010160120141|Strong=7931|Frame=A0:010160110081;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=GEN_16:12!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִהְיֶה *he will be* | yiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | יִשְׁכֹּֽן *he will dwell* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְהוּא יְהֵא מָרוֹד בֶּאֱנָשָׁא הוּא יְהֵא צְרִיךְ לְכֹלָא וְאַף כָּל בְנֵי אֲנָשָׁא יְהוֹן צְרִיכִין לֵהּ וְעַל אַפֵּי כָל אֲחוֹהִי יִשְׁרֵי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the face of all his brethren.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.409/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:393`. - ← previous: [Genesis 16:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.11/) - next →: [Genesis 16:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.13/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/16/)