--- title: Genesis 17:24 — And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised i… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. Who acts: Abraham. Genesis 17:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.17.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/17/) / 17:24 # Genesis 17:24 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Abraham · **What happens:** be, circumcise · **To what, where:** Abraham, flesh This is Genesis 17:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham — and what happens in the verse to Abraham, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וָתֵ֖שַׁע שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִמֹּל֖וֹ בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃ [And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.437/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:421 # text = וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וָתֵ֖שַׁע שָׁנָ֑ה בְּהִמֹּל֖וֹ בְּשַׂ֥ר עָרְלָתֽוֹ׃ # verse = GEN.17.24 1-2 וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_17:24!1|MId=o010170240011|Strong=2050b 2 אַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Abraham|Ref=GEN_17:24!1|MId=o010170240012|Strong=0085 3 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].a.son|Ref=GEN_17:24!2|MId=o010170240021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 תִּשְׁעִ֥ים תֵּשַׁע NUM _ Number=Plur 7 nummod _ Gloss=of.ninety|Ref=GEN_17:24!3|MId=o010170240031|Strong=8673|Type=cardinal_number 5-6 וָתֵ֖שַׁע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_17:24!4|MId=o010170240041|Strong=2050b 6 תֵ֖שַׁע תֵּשַׁע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=nine|Ref=GEN_17:24!4|MId=o010170240042|Strong=8672|Type=cardinal_number 7 שָׁנָ֑ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=GEN_17:24!5|MId=o010170240051|Strong=8141 8-10 בְּהִמֹּל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=GEN_17:24!6|MId=o010170240061|Strong=0871a 9 הִמֹּל מוּל VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 3 advcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_17:24!6|MId=o010170240062|Strong=4135|Frame=A1:010170240063;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=was.circumcised|Ref=GEN_17:24!6|MId=o010170240063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 בְּשַׂ֥ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.flesh|Ref=GEN_17:24!7|MId=o010170240071|Strong=1320 12-13 עָרְלָתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 עָרְלָת עׇרְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.foreskin|Ref=GEN_17:24!8|MId=o010170240081|Strong=6190 13 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_17:24!8|MId=o010170240082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=GEN_17:24!8 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִמֹּל *he* | infinitive construct · niphal | | וֹ *was circumcised* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאַבְרָהָם בַּר תִּשְׁעִין וּתְשַׁע שְׁנִין כַּד גְזַר בִּשְׂרָא דְעָרְלְתֵהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.437/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:421`. - ← previous: [Genesis 17:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.17.23/) - next →: [Genesis 17:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.17.25/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/17/)