--- title: Genesis 18:22 — And the men turned from thence, and went toward Sodom; but Abraham s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men turned from thence, and went toward Sodom; but Abraham stood yet before the LORD. Who acts: men, Abraham. Genesis 18:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/) / 18:22 # Genesis 18:22 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** men, Abraham · **What happens:** turn, go, stand · **To what, where:** Sodom This is Genesis 18:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, Abraham — and what happens in the verse to Sodom, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּפְנ֤וּ מִשָּׁם֙ הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ סְדֹ֑מָה וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם עוֹדֶ֥נּוּ עֹמֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ [And the men turned from thence, and went toward Sodom; but Abraham stood yet before the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.464/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:446 # text = וַיִּפְנ֤וּ מִשָּׁם֙ הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ סְדֹ֑מָה וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם עוֹדֶ֥נּוּ עֹמֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = GEN.18.22 1-2 וַיִּפְנ֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:22!1|MId=o010180220011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּפְנ֤וּ פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.turned.away|Ref=GEN_18:22!1|MId=o010180220012|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:010180220032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 מִשָּׁם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_18:22!2|MId=o010180220021|Strong=4480 4 שָּׁם֙ שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=there|Ref=GEN_18:22!2|MId=o010180220022|Strong=8033 5-6 הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_18:22!3|MId=o010180220031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=GEN_18:22!3|MId=o010180220032|Strong=0376 7-8 וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:22!4|MId=o010180220041|Strong=2050b 8 יֵּלְכ֖וּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=GEN_18:22!4|MId=o010180220042|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:010180220032;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 סְדֹ֑מָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 סְדֹ֑מ סְדֹם PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=towards|Ref=GEN_18:22!5|MId=o010180220051|Strong=5467 10 ָה ה X _ _ 9 nmod _ Gloss=Sodom|Ref=GEN_18:22!5|MId=o010180220052|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 11-12 וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:22!6|MId=o010180220061|Strong=2050b 12 אַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 15 dislocated _ Gloss=Abraham|Ref=GEN_18:22!6|MId=o010180220062|Strong=0085 13-14 עוֹדֶ֥נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עוֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=GEN_18:22!7|MId=o010180220071|Strong=5750 14 ֶ֥נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_18:22!7|MId=o010180220072|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 15 עֹמֵ֖ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].standing|Ref=GEN_18:22!8|MId=o010180220081|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:010180220072;|Type=participle_active 16-17 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=GEN_18:22!9|MId=o010180220091|Strong=3807a 17 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_18:22!9|MId=o010180220092|Strong=6440 18 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_18:22!10|MId=o010180220101|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=GEN_18:22!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּפְנוּ *they turned away* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יֵּלְכוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | עֹמֵד *\[was\] standing* | participle active · qal | ֶנּוּ *he* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאִתְפְּנִיאוּ מִתַּמָּן גֻּבְרַיָּא וַאֲזָלוּ לִסְדוֹם וְאַבְרָהָם עַד כְּעַן מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּצְלוֹ קֳדָם יְיָ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men turned from thence, and went toward Sodom; but Abraham stood yet before the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.464/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:446`. - ← previous: [Genesis 18:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.21/) - next →: [Genesis 18:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.23/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/)