--- title: Genesis 18:25 — That be far from Thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: That be far from Thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked, that so the righteous should be as the wicked; that be far from Thee; shall not the judge of all the earth do justly?' Who acts: That, righteous, judge. Genesis 18:25 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onke --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/) / 18:25 # Genesis 18:25 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** That, righteous, judge · **What happens:** be, do, slay, not do · **To what, where:** Thee, righteous This is Genesis 18:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — That, righteous, judge — and what happens in the verse to Thee, righteous, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. חָלִ֨לָה לְּךָ֜ מֵעֲשֹׂ֣ת ׀ כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֗ה לְהָמִ֤ית צַדִּיק֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע וְהָיָ֥ה כַצַּדִּ֖יק כָּרָשָׁ֑ע חָלִ֣לָה לָּ֔ךְ הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה מִשְׁפָּֽט׃ [That be far from Thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked, that so the righteous should be as the wicked; that be far from Thee; shall not the judge of all the earth do justly?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.467/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:449 # text = חָלִ֨לָה לְּךָ֜ מֵעֲשֹׂ֣ת ׀ כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֗ה לְהָמִ֤ית צַדִּיק֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע וְהָיָ֥ה כַצַּדִּ֖יק כָּרָשָׁ֑ע חָלִ֣לָה לָּ֔ךְ הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה מִשְׁפָּֽט׃ # verse = GEN.18.25 1-2 חָלִ֨לָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 חָלִ֨ל חָלִילָה INTJ _ _ 2 discourse _ Gloss=far|Ref=GEN_18:25!1|MId=o010180250011|Strong=2486|Type=interjection 2 ָה ה X _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=be.it|Ref=GEN_18:25!1|MId=o010180250012|Strong=1886c|Type=paragogic_he 3-4 לְּךָ֜ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_18:25!2|MId=o010180250021|Strong=3807a 4 ְךָ֜ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_18:25!2|MId=o010180250022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5-6 מֵעֲשֹׂ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_18:25!3|MId=o010180250031|Strong=4480 6 עֲשֹׂ֣ת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=doing|Ref=GEN_18:25!3|MId=o010180250032|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:010180220101;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 6 punct _ Ref=GEN_18:25!3 8-10 כַּדָּבָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=GEN_18:25!4|MId=o010180250041|Strong=3509a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_18:25!4|MId=o010180250041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 דָּבָ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.manner|Ref=GEN_18:25!4|MId=o010180250042|Strong=1697 11-12 הַזֶּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_18:25!5|MId=o010180250051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 זֶּ֗ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 10 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=GEN_18:25!5|MId=o010180250052|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 13-14 לְהָמִ֤ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_18:25!6|MId=o010180250061|Strong=3807a 14 הָמִ֤ית מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 6 advcl _ Gloss=put.to.death|Ref=GEN_18:25!6|MId=o010180250062|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:010180220101;A0:010180250071;|Type=infinitive_construct 15 צַדִּיק֙ צַדִּיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=[the].righteous|Ref=GEN_18:25!7|MId=o010180250071|Strong=6662|Type=adjective 16 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=GEN_18:25!8|MId=o010180250081|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 17 רָשָׁ֔ע רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=[the].wicked|Ref=GEN_18:25!9|MId=o010180250091|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 18-19 וְהָיָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:25!10|MId=o010180250101|Strong=2050b 19 הָיָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 22 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=GEN_18:25!10|MId=o010180250102|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 20-22 כַצַּדִּ֖יק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 כַ כְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=GEN_18:25!11|MId=o010180250111|Strong=3509a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the.righteous|Ref=GEN_18:25!11|MId=o010180250111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 צַּדִּ֖יק צַדִּיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[person]|Ref=GEN_18:25!11|MId=o010180250112|Strong=6662|Type=adjective 23-25 כָּרָשָׁ֑ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 כָּ כְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=as|Ref=GEN_18:25!12|MId=o010180250121|Strong=3509a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the.wicked|Ref=GEN_18:25!12|MId=o010180250121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 רָשָׁ֑ע רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=[person]|Ref=GEN_18:25!12|MId=o010180250122|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 26-27 חָלִ֣לָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 חָלִ֣ל חָלִילָה INTJ _ _ 27 discourse _ Gloss=far|Ref=GEN_18:25!13|MId=o010180250131|Strong=2486|Type=interjection 27 ָה ה X _ _ 2 parataxis _ Gloss=be.it|Ref=GEN_18:25!13|MId=o010180250132|Strong=1886c|Type=paragogic_he 28-29 לָּ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_18:25!14|MId=o010180250141|Strong=3807a 29 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_18:25!14|MId=o010180250142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 הֲשֹׁפֵט֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_18:25!15|MId=o010180250151|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 31 שֹׁפֵט֙ שָׁפַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ Gloss=judge?|Ref=GEN_18:25!15|MId=o010180250152|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:010180220101;A1:010180250172;|Type=participle_active 32 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.all|Ref=GEN_18:25!16|MId=o010180250161|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_18:25!17|MId=o010180250171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=earth|Ref=GEN_18:25!17|MId=o010180250172|Strong=0776 35 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_18:25!18|MId=o010180250181|Strong=3808|Type=negative 36 יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=will.he.do|Ref=GEN_18:25!19|MId=o010180250191|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:010180250152;A1:010180250201;|Type=yiqtol 37 מִשְׁפָּֽט מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obj _ Gloss=justice|Ref=GEN_18:25!20|MId=o010180250201|Strong=4941|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=GEN_18:25!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֲשֹׂת *doing* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | הָמִית *put to death* | infinitive construct · hiphil | צַדִּיק *\[the\] righteous* | | | | | שֹׁפֵט *judge?* | participle active · qal | | אָרֶץ *earth* | | | | **not** יַעֲשֶׂה *will he do* | yiqtol · qal | שֹׁפֵט *judge?* | מִשְׁפָּֽט *justice* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} קוּשְׁטָא אִנּוּן דִּינָךְ מִלְּמֶעְבַּד כְּפִתְגָּמָא הָדֵין לְקַטָּלָא זַכָּאָה עִם חַיָּבָא וִיהֵי זַכָּאָה כְּחַיָּבָא קוּשְׁטָא אִנּוּן דִּינָךְ דְּדָיִן כָּל אַרְעָא לָא יַעְבֵד דִּינָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [That be far from Thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked, that so the righteous should be as the wicked; that be far from Thee; shall not the judge of all the earth do justly?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.467/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:449`. - ← previous: [Genesis 18:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.24/) - next →: [Genesis 18:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.26/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/)