--- title: Genesis 18:32 — And he said: 'Oh, let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet bu… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said: 'Oh, let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once. Peradventure ten shall be found there.' And He said: 'I will not destroy it for the ten's sake.' Who acts: righteous, Lord, I. Genesis 18:32 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/) / 18:32 # Genesis 18:32 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** righteous, Lord, I · **What happens:** say, not let, be, speak, find, not destroy · **To what, where:** Lord, ten, twenty · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 18:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — righteous, Lord, I — and what happens in the verse to Lord, ten, twenty, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לַֽאדֹנָי֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָעֲשָׂרָֽה׃ [And he said: 'Oh, let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.476/) [Peradventure ten shall be found there.' And He said: 'I will not destroy it for the ten's sake.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.477/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:456 # text = וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אַל־נָ֞א יִ֤חַר לַֽאדֹנָי֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אַךְ־הַפַּ֔עַם אוּלַ֛י יִמָּצְא֥וּן שָׁ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אַשְׁחִ֔ית בַּעֲב֖וּר הָעֲשָׂרָֽה׃ # verse = GEN.18.32 1-2 וַ֠יֹּאמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:32!1|MId=o010180320011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_18:32!1|MId=o010180320012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010180270021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_18:32!2|MId=o010180320021|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 נָ֞א נָא INTJ _ _ 5 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=GEN_18:32!3|MId=o010180320031|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 5 יִ֤חַר חָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=let.it.burn|Ref=GEN_18:32!4|MId=o010180320041|Strong=2734|Frame=A0:;|Type=jussive 6-8 לַֽאדֹנָי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_18:32!5|MId=o010180320051|Strong=3807a 7 אדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=GEN_18:32!5|MId=o010180320052|Strong=0136 8 ָי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=GEN_18:32!5|MId=o010180320053|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:32!6|MId=o010180320061|Strong=2050b 10 אֲדַבְּרָ֣ה דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=let.me.speak|Ref=GEN_18:32!6|MId=o010180320062|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:010180270021;|Type=cohortative 11 אַךְ־ אַךְ ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=GEN_18:32!7|MId=o010180320071|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַפַּ֔עַם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=GEN_18:32!8|MId=o010180320081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 פַּ֔עַם פַּעַם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=time|Ref=GEN_18:32!8|MId=o010180320082|Strong=6471 14 אוּלַ֛י אוּלַי ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=perhaps|Ref=GEN_18:32!9|MId=o010180320091|Strong=0194 15-16 יִמָּצְא֥וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 יִמָּצְא֥וּ מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=GEN_18:32!10|MId=o010180320101|Strong=4672|Frame=A1:010180320121;|Type=yiqtol 16 ן נ X _ _ 15 nmod _ Gloss=will.be.found|Ref=GEN_18:32!10|MId=o010180320102|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 17 שָׁ֖ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=GEN_18:32!11|MId=o010180320111|Strong=8033 18 עֲשָׂרָ֑ה עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=ten|Ref=GEN_18:32!12|MId=o010180320121|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 19-20 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_18:32!13|MId=o010180320131|Strong=2050b 20 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_18:32!13|MId=o010180320132|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010180260021;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_18:32!14|MId=o010180320141|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22 אַשְׁחִ֔ית שָׁחַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 20 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.destroy.[it]|Ref=GEN_18:32!15|MId=o010180320151|Strong=7843|Frame=AA:010180260021;A0:010180280102;|Type=yiqtol 23-24 בַּעֲב֖וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=GEN_18:32!16|MId=o010180320161|Strong=0871a 24 עֲב֖וּר עָבוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=of|Ref=GEN_18:32!16|MId=o010180320162|Strong=5668 25-26 הָעֲשָׂרָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_18:32!17|MId=o010180320171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 עֲשָׂרָֽה עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=ten|Ref=GEN_18:32!17|MId=o010180320172|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=GEN_18:32!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** יִחַר *let it burn* | jussive · qal | | | | | | אֲדַבְּרָה *let me speak* | cohortative · piel | | | | | | יִמָּצְאוּ *they* | yiqtol · niphal | | עֲשָׂרָה *ten* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** אַשְׁחִית *I will destroy \[it\]* | yiqtol · hiphil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לָא כְעַן יִתְקֵף קֳדָם יְיָ (נ''י רוּגְזָא דַּיְיָ) וֶאֱמַלֵּל בְּרַם זִמְנָא הָדָא מָאִים יִשְׁתַּכְּחוּן תַּמָּן עַשְׂרָא וַאֲמַר לָא אֲחַבֵּל בְּדִיל עַשְׂרָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said: 'Oh, let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.476/) 2. [Peradventure ten shall be found there.' And He said: 'I will not destroy it for the ten's sake.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.477/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:456`. - ← previous: [Genesis 18:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.31/) - next →: [Genesis 18:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.33/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/)