--- title: Genesis 19:12 — And the men said unto Lot: 'Hast thou here any besides? son-in-law,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men said unto Lot: 'Hast thou here any besides? son-in-law, and thy sons, and thy daughters, and whomsoever thou hast in the city; bring them out of the place; Who acts: men, thou. Genesis 19:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/19/) / 19:12 # Genesis 19:12 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** men, thou · **What happens:** say, have, bring · **To what, where:** any, city, men, place · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 19:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, thou — and what happens in the verse to any, city, men, place, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֜ים אֶל־ל֗וֹט עֹ֚ד מִֽי־לְךָ֣ פֹ֔ה חָתָן֙ וּבָנֶ֣יךָ וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־לְךָ֖ בָּעִ֑יר הוֹצֵ֖א מִן־הַמָּקֽוֹם׃ [And the men said unto Lot: 'Hast thou here any besides? son-in-law, and thy sons, and thy daughters, and whomsoever thou hast in the city; bring them out of the place;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.490/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:469 # text = וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֜ים אֶל־ל֗וֹט עֹ֚ד מִֽי־לְךָ֣ פֹ֔ה חָתָן֙ וּבָנֶ֣יךָ וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ וְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־לְךָ֖ בָּעִ֑יר הוֹצֵ֖א מִן־הַמָּקֽוֹם׃ # verse = GEN.19.12 1-2 וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:12!1|MId=o010190120011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמְר֨וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=GEN_19:12!1|MId=o010190120012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010190120022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָאֲנָשִׁ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_19:12!2|MId=o010190120021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אֲנָשִׁ֜ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=GEN_19:12!2|MId=o010190120022|Strong=0376 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_19:12!3|MId=o010190120031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 ל֗וֹט לוֹט PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Lot|Ref=GEN_19:12!4|MId=o010190120041|Strong=3876 7 עֹ֚ד עוֹד ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=yet|Ref=GEN_19:12!5|MId=o010190120051|Strong=5750 8 מִֽי־ מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 10 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=GEN_19:12!6|MId=o010190120061|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 לְךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 ל לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=GEN_19:12!7|MId=o010190120071|Strong=3807a 10 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 ccomp _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_19:12!7|MId=o010190120072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11 פֹ֔ה פֹּה ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=GEN_19:12!8|MId=o010190120081|Strong=6311 12 חָתָן֙ חָתָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=a.son-in-law|Ref=GEN_19:12!9|MId=o010190120091|Strong=2860 13-15 וּבָנֶ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:12!10|MId=o010190120101|Strong=2050b 14 בָנֶ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=GEN_19:12!10|MId=o010190120102|Strong=1121 15 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_19:12!10|MId=o010190120103|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16-18 וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:12!11|MId=o010190120111|Strong=2050b 17 בְנֹתֶ֔י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 12 conj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=GEN_19:12!11|MId=o010190120112|Strong=1323 18 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_19:12!11|MId=o010190120113|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְכֹ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:12!12|MId=o010190120121|Strong=2050b 20 כֹ֥ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_19:12!12|MId=o010190120122|Strong=3605 21 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=GEN_19:12!13|MId=o010190120131|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 לְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=GEN_19:12!14|MId=o010190120141|Strong=3807a 23 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_19:12!14|MId=o010190120142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 24-26 בָּעִ֑יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_19:12!15|MId=o010190120151|Strong=0871a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_19:12!15|MId=o010190120151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 עִ֑יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=GEN_19:12!15|MId=o010190120152|Strong=5892 27 הוֹצֵ֖א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 parataxis _ Gloss=bring.out|Ref=GEN_19:12!16|MId=o010190120161|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:010190120041;A0:010190120091;010190120102;010190120112;010190120122;|Type=imperative 28 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_19:12!17|MId=o010190120171|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 הַמָּקֽוֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_19:12!18|MId=o010190120181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מָּקֽוֹם מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=place|Ref=GEN_19:12!18|MId=o010190120182|Strong=4725 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=GEN_19:12!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | הוֹצֵא *bring out* | imperative · hiphil | חָתָן *a son-in-law* + בָנֶי *sons* + בְנֹתֶי *daughters* + כֹל *all* | | | לוֹט *Lot* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמָרוּ גֻּבְרַיָּא לְלוֹט עוֹד מָן לָךְ הָכָא חַתְנָא וּבְנָךְ וּבְנָתָךְ וְכֹל דִּי לָךְ בְּקַרְתָּא אַפֵּיק מִן אַתְרָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men said unto Lot: 'Hast thou here any besides? son-in-law, and thy sons, and thy daughters, and whomsoever thou hast in the city; bring them out of the place;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.490/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:469`. - ← previous: [Genesis 19:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.11/) - next →: [Genesis 19:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.13/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/19/)